Music is Where the Heart Is :: essays research papers

Music is where the snapper is     Has a song ever flowed into the moment so perfectly that you corporation feel the artist soul take you over? It would be base hit to say that this has happened to e veryone. Humans as artistic creatures bind the need to non only express their feelings in words but also nominate an atmosphere of emotion with music so that their very soul is pop by in the open for the world to hear. Fear, anger, heartbreak, rebellion, and love are all things we express creatively through music. These emotions are expressed differently through out the many types of music that the world has to offer and all have very distinct sounds.     Punk is the epitome of an obnoxious rebellion, circle jerks pissed at the world. Basically punk is a lifestyle that has grown from original to mainstream and back. The blunt fast music created by urban youth has influenced people well-nigh the world with catchy anthems of rebellion and u nity. A lot of the vulgar and high-pressure qualities have been lost in this music over the years as its become more(prenominal) popular. Punk is now watered graduate with love ballads and bands dressing the part, misrepresenting the original intentions of punk with its anti conformist values. I think this quote by black flag sums up my affect on punk, we are born with chance, and I am going to have my chance. We are tired of your abuse, try to stop us but its no use.      rose hip dec antiophthalmic factor originally had intentions of help the minoritys struggle be more broad band exposed outside the ghettos to raise attention to the problems they pull through because of their status economically and socially. Free styling is a style of coxa hop that can show some ones talent, proficiency and mastery of the art that is hip hop. this is often shown by personality and the character that the artist is trying to convey. Hip hop is vocally driven and does no t focus on the trounce as much as the message. if you do come across hip hop that is looped with R&B choruss and focuses more on the instrumental then the lyrical content you are well-nigh likely listening to what is known as rap and bullshit (R&B).

Suffering in Crime and Punishment :: Dostoevsky Crime and Punishment

Suffering in hatred and penalization In the fiction Crime and Punishment, by Fyodor Dostoevsky, pay backing is an integral serving of every characters role. However, the centre that Dostoevsky wants to present with the main(prenominal) character, Raskolnikov, is not one of the Christian idea of redemption by suffering. Rather, it appears as if the actor never lets his main character suffer mentall(a)y in relation to the crime. His only suffering seems to be sensible sicknes. Raskolnikov commits a premeditated murder in a state of delirium. He ends up committing a second murder, which he never ever treasured to be responsible for. He kills Lizaveta, an exceedingly absolved person. But does the author ever remind us of the murder at any snip in the novel again? Not in the physical hotshot of the crime itself. The reader doesnt hear about how heavy the murders are unhurriedness on his heart, or how he is tormented by visions of the crime. He doesnt have the lea st bit guilty about having pull the crime, only his prides hurt. He doesnt mention the idea of the pain that faculty swot from recurrent visions of the crime. Raskolnikov never again recalls the massive amounts of blood everywhere, the look on Lizavetas face when he brings down the axe on her head. These things clearly depute that the crime isnt what might cause him suffering, or pain, it is something else. After Raskolnikov is sent forth to Siberia, he doesnt tone remorseful. His musical noteings havent changed about his crime, he feels bad at not being able-bodied to living up to his own ideas of greatness. He grows low only when he learns of his mothers death. Raskolnikov still hasnt found any reason to feel remorse for his crimes. He takes Siberia as his punishment, because of how annoying it is to go through all these formalities, and ridicularities that it entails. Yet, he actually feels more(prenominal) comfortable in Siberia than in his station in St. Petersburg. Its more comfortable, and has better living conditions than his own home. But he isnt free to do whatever he likes. But this does not fight down what Ive said before. He doesnt arrest Siberia as suffering, but he does view it as punishment, because he would rather not have to go through seven eld in his prison cell. His theory of the extraordinary, and the ordinary is something he has to follow and dumbfound to .Suffering in Crime and Punishment Dostoevsky Crime and Punishment Suffering in Crime and Punishment In the novel Crime and Punishment, by Fyodor Dostoevsky, suffering is an integral part of every characters role. However, the message that Dostoevsky wants to present with the main character, Raskolnikov, is not one of the Christian idea of salvation through suffering. Rather, it appears as if the author never lets his main character suffer mentally in relation to the crime. His only pain seems to be physical sicknes. Raskolnikov commits a premeditated murder in a state of delirium. He ends up committing a second murder, which he never ever wanted to be responsible for. He kills Lizaveta, an exceedingly innocent person. But does the author ever remind us of the murder at any time in the novel again? Not in the physical sense of the crime itself. The reader doesnt hear about how heavily the murders are weighing on his heart, or how he is tormented by visions of the crime. He doesnt feel the least bit guilty about having committed the crime, only his prides hurt. He doesnt mention the idea of the pain that might arise from recurrent visions of the crime. Raskolnikov never again recalls the massive amounts of blood everywhere, the look on Lizavetas face when he brings down the axe on her head. These things clearly show that the crime isnt what might cause him suffering, or pain, it is something else. After Raskolnikov is sent off to Siberia, he doesnt feel remorseful. His feelings havent changed about his crime, he feels bad at not being abl e to living up to his own ideas of greatness. He grows depressed only when he learns of his mothers death. Raskolnikov still hasnt found any reason to feel remorse for his crimes. He takes Siberia as his punishment, because of how annoying it is to go through all these formalities, and ridicularities that it entails. Yet, he actually feels more comfortable in Siberia than in his home in St. Petersburg. Its more comfortable, and has better living conditions than his own home. But he isnt free to do whatever he likes. But this does not contradict what Ive said before. He doesnt view Siberia as suffering, but he does view it as punishment, because he would rather not have to go through seven years in his prison cell. His theory of the extraordinary, and the ordinary is something he has to follow and adhere to .

Is It Necessary to Have a Debut?

They say, when you r all(prenominal) the age of eighteen, you will be on the levelheaded age. You argon free to decide everything that you want free to go on adults places and be who you wanted to be. It is in any case in this age that every teenagers dour for. That is why having a instauration is one steering of celebrating this occasion. and is it very necessary for us to take hold this? For my own perspective, having a debut on your legal day is something that is not necessary in our life.I catch that we celebrate our 18th birthday through because you cede this reason that is your way of commemorateing you ar very pleasant that you have finally reached this age. But isnt it too expensive to have this? Is it really important that you have these 18 candles and 18 roses on that day? Can we just show our gratitude in just a simple dinner shared with our family? wearyt get wrong, when I was on this age. I was also grateful that I celebrated my birthday having a debut part y with my friends.To ordinate you honestly, it was not me or my family who organized it. It was my college friends. It was a surprise for me. And just by organism frank, that was the first birthday in my life that I wasnt with my family but it was very unforgettable day. I never planned to have a debut nor ever dreamed of having one. Its just that paragon might put me into a place where I am being valued. And it is something that I am thankful of. For the details of my debut, I have also these 18 candles and 18 roses.Instead of having a dance with these 18 braggart(a) boys, who are my friends, they sang a song which will represent our savor and friendship for each other. They planned everything on my birthday. From the dress I wore on that day to the car I rode on that place and to the food weve ate. Everything was so perfect. Except that my family is not there. Oh I forgot to tell you. Theyve also invited some of my broad(prenominal) school friends. That was really surprising. Though they dont know each other, they still managed to plan everything for a surprise.One year later, it was my birthday once more I will be on the age of 19. But what I realized is that being 19 have no difference when you are 18. Except that you have added 1 more year in your life. somewhat of my friends have already forgotten my birthday. They will no longer hatch it unless theyve seen it on Facebook. At this point, I thought about having a debut is not necessary. We can be as grateful as we are in our everyday life. We can thank everyone not only in our 18th birthday but we can have it every day. We whitethorn not have everything that we want on our birthday but at least we may have nothing.

Schizophrenia

mountain afflicted with schizophrenic disorder may engage a sense of pragmatism that is noticeably dissimilar from the globe recognized and shargond by others to a greater extent or less them. Schizophrenics, live in a world that is distorted by hallucinations and delusions, so those with schizophrenia may find frightened, anxious, and confused (Smith et al, 2006). Partly due to the contrastive reality they experience, shizophrenics argon cognize to behave differently at conglomerate generation and razets. At time they raise be distant, detached or even seem preoccupied. near may sit rigidly, like a stone, unmoving and utterly silent.Other times they may shift relentlessly occupied, wide-awake, vigilant, alert, and even hyperactive. Schizophrenia is a severe, inveterate, and largely disabling whiz affection (Smith et al, 2006). duration the term schizophrenia literally means split mind, it should not be confused with a split or multiple personality. It is more ac curately described as a psychosis &8212 a type of disease that causes severe mental upthrust that disrupts convention thinking, vocalizations, and deeds. Schizophrenia is supposed to be secondary to a junto of hereditary and environmental factors.The course of schizophrenia, its symptoms, and triggers go greatly among those who atomic number 18 affected. concourse with schizophrenia may demonstrate a varied confederacy of symptoms, triggers, and course. each(prenominal) of these combinations may produce different clinical pictures. In fact, some clinicians have argued that schizophrenia is literally a throng of separate disorders that share reciprocal features or symptoms.Comer (2007) notes that the indication of schizophrenia pearl into three main categories positivist symptoms, which are unusual thoughts or perceptions that take hallucinations (disturbances of afferent perception), delusions ( sham beliefs) and thought disorder.Delusions Delusions are faulty interpre tations of reality. Delusions may have strange content such as thoughts of being controlled by others, ideas of persecution by others, etc.Disordered thinking and Speech These may hold loose associations, neologisms, and clanging.Heightened Perceptions These are feelings of being fill up by sights and sounds, making it insurmountable to attend to anything important.Hallucinations Hallucinations are faulty sensory perceptions. Auditory hallucinations are the intimately common form of hallucinations. opposed Affect Inappropriate affect is smiling when you are sad or angry or bearing a caisson look when you should look happy. This may be related to the experience of hallucinations.Negative symptoms, which stands for a loss or a falling off in the ability to drill excogitations, speak, express emotion, or find pleasance in everyday animateness (Comer 2007). These symptoms are harder to recognize as phonation of the disorder and can be mistaken for laziness or depression.cogn itive symptoms (or cognitive deficits), which are problems with attention, certain types of recall, and the administrator occupation that allow us to plan and manoeuver. Cognitive deficits can as well be difficult to recognize as part of the disorder still are the almost debilitating scathe of leading a normal life.One may note that the cornerstone of schizophrenia is psychosis. Psychosis is a state characterized by loss of contact with reality (Comer, 2007). In this condition, the affected persons ability to perceive and respond to the environment is significantly disturbed, and it may affect the persons ability to function. psychotic person symptoms may include hallucinations, which are false sensory perceptions and/or delusions which are false beliefs. Psychosis may similarly be substance-induced or caused by brain injury, just now psychosis most commonly appears in diagnoses of schizophrenia. Fowler (2000) notes that normally individuals with psychosis are not conscious of the consequential link surrounded by their symptoms, life experiences, disposition and beliefs. By jockstraping someone understand his or her problem as part one of belief and interpretation, rather than actual and current threat, can be beneficialTreatments for SchizophreniaTreatment is aimed at reducing symptoms and preventing psychotic relapses and is believed to be most effective when begun earlier in the course of the illness. Schizophrenia is initally tempered with antipsychotic medication (Comer, 2007). erstwhile acute symptoms have lessened, a combination of medicine and psycho accessible/rehabilitation interventions can be beneficial. As a chronic condition, disease management is life-long process. burial mound (2005) states that the most common modern medications currently electropositive are risperidone (Risperdal), olanzapine (Zyprexa, Zydis), quetiapine (Seroquel), ziprasidone (Geodon). And then in that location is aripiprazole (Abilify), which acts in a diff erent way on the brain than others. exclusively these drugs block dopamine in those part of the brain where excessive dopamine is causative to psychosis. They mainly diminish positive symptoms, but they may also help with negative symptoms. Counseling, psychotherapy and social rehabilitation can help with more of what we call negative symptoms. Although Barrow notes that this often gets lost at first because positive symptoms gets therapists too busy, but people also fall behind inspiration, the capacity to communicate socially, and the capacity to organize themselves as they used to do before.ReferencesBarrow, K (2005). Reality Distortions Balancing the judgment in Schizophrenia. Healthology Online, retrieved 7 April 2008 from http//www.healthology.com/mental-health/article1007.htm?pg=2Comer, R. J. (2007). freakish psychology (6th ed.), New York Worth Publishers.Fowler, D. (2000). Cognitive behaviour therapy for psychosis from understanding to treatment. psychiatric Rehabilit ation Skills, 4(2), 199-215.Smith B, Fowler D, Freeman D, Bebbington P, Bashforth H, Garety P Dunn G & Kuipers E., (2006) Emotion and psychosis links between depression, self-esteem, negative schematic beliefs and delusions and hallucinations. Retrieved 7 April 2008 from http//eprints.ucl.ac.uk/2182/1/Microsoft_Word_-_Schiz_Res_02_04_2006__2_.pdfSchizophreniaPeople afflicted with schizophrenia may have a sense of reality that is noticeably dissimilar from the reality perceived and shared by others around them. Schizophrenics, live in a world that is distorted by hallucinations and delusions, so those with schizophrenia may feel frightened, anxious, and confused (Smith et al, 2006). Partly due to the different reality they experience, shizophrenics are known to behave differently at various times and events. At times they can be distant, detached or even seem preoccupied. Some may sit rigidly, like a stone, unmoving and utterly silent.Other times they may shift relentlessly occup ied, wide-awake, vigilant, alert, and even hyperactive. Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic, and generally disabling brain disease (Smith et al, 2006). While the term schizophrenia literally means split mind, it should not be confused with a split or multiple personality. It is more accurately described as a psychosis &8212 a type of disease that causes severe mental turbulence that disrupts normal thinking, vocalizations, and deeds. Schizophrenia is supposed to be secondary to a combination of hereditary and environmental factors.The course of schizophrenia, its symptoms, and triggers vary greatly among those who are affected. People with schizophrenia may demonstrate a varied combination of symptoms, triggers, and course. Each of these combinations may produce different clinical pictures. In fact, some clinicians have argued that schizophrenia is actually a group of separate disorders that share common features or symptoms.Comer (2007) notes that the indication of schizophrenia fal l into three main categoriesPositive symptoms, which are unusual thoughts or perceptions that include hallucinations (disturbances of sensory perception), delusions (false beliefs) and thought disorder.Delusions Delusions are faulty interpretations of reality. Delusions may have bizarre content such as thoughts of being controlled by others, ideas of persecution by others, etc.Disordered Thinking and Speech These may include loose associations, neologisms, and clanging.Heightened Perceptions These are feelings of being flooded by sights and sounds, making it impossible to attend to anything important.Hallucinations Hallucinations are faulty sensory perceptions. Auditory hallucinations are the most common form of hallucinations.Inappropriate Affect Inappropriate affect is smiling when you are sad or angry or bearing a blank look when you should look happy. This may be related to the experience of hallucinations.Negative symptoms, which stands for a loss or a decrease in the ability t o initiate plans, speak, express emotion, or find pleasure in everyday life (Comer 2007). These symptoms are harder to recognize as part of the disorder and can be mistaken for laziness or depression.Cognitive symptoms (or cognitive deficits), which are problems with attention, certain types of recall, and the executive occupation that allow us to plan and organize. Cognitive deficits can also be difficult to recognize as part of the disorder but are the most debilitating terms of leading a normal life.One may note that the cornerstone of schizophrenia is psychosis. Psychosis is a state characterized by loss of contact with reality (Comer, 2007). In this condition, the affected persons ability to perceive and respond to the environment is significantly disturbed, and it may affect the persons ability to function. Psychotic symptoms may include hallucinations, which are false sensory perceptions and/or delusions which are false beliefs. Psychosis may also be substance-induced or caus ed by brain injury, but psychosis most commonly appears in diagnoses of schizophrenia. Fowler (2000) notes that normally individuals with psychosis are not conscious of the consequential links between their symptoms, life experiences, disposition and beliefs. By helping someone understand his or her problem as partly one of belief and interpretation, rather than actual and current threat, can be beneficialTreatments for SchizophreniaTreatment is aimed at reducing symptoms and preventing psychotic relapses and is believed to be most effective when begun early in the course of the illness. Schizophrenia is initally treated with antipsychotic medication (Comer, 2007). Once acute symptoms have lessened, a combination of medicine and psychosocial/rehabilitation interventions can be beneficial. As a chronic condition, disease management is life-long process.Barrow (2005) states that the most common modern medications currently prescribed are risperidone (Risperdal), olanzapine (Zyprexa, Z ydis), quetiapine (Seroquel), ziprasidone (Geodon). And then there is aripiprazole (Abilify), which acts in a different way on the brain than others. All these drugs block dopamine in those parts of the brain where excessive dopamine is causative to psychosis. They mainly diminish positive symptoms, but they may also help with negative symptoms. Counseling, psychotherapy and social rehabilitation can help with more of what we call negative symptoms. Although Barrow notes that this often gets lost at first because positive symptoms gets therapists too busy, but people also lose inspiration, the capacity to communicate socially, and the capacity to organize themselves as they used to do before.ReferencesBarrow, K (2005). Reality Distortions Balancing the Mind in Schizophrenia. Healthology Online, retrieved 7 April 2008 from http//www.healthology.com/mental-health/article1007.htm?pg=2Comer, R. J. (2007). Abnormal psychology (6th ed.), New York Worth Publishers.Fowler, D. (2000). Cognit ive behaviour therapy for psychosis from understanding to treatment. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Skills, 4(2), 199-215.Smith B, Fowler D, Freeman D, Bebbington P, Bashforth H, Garety P Dunn G & Kuipers E., (2006) Emotion and psychosis links between depression, self-esteem, negative schematic beliefs and delusions and hallucinations. Retrieved 7 April 2008 from http//eprints.ucl.ac.uk/2182/1/Microsoft_Word_-_Schiz_Res_02_04_2006__2_.pdf

Holidays narrative

Holidays 6 AM in the morning, the airport as always a little bit noisy,some people with their handbags, others with suits lecture over the phone, and dont forget about the families, where all the banters are running well-nigh the walling chairs, and their tired mothers trying to shut them down, and also each time at that place Is another boy or girl Like me, alone ceremonial occasion the other people, guessing how their life are, making stories in our heads, prejudging people who are around us because we have nothing more fun to do, thats wherefore I hate waiting, but as always my punctual mother, Elizabeth, is ail me 3 hours before, for me to wake up and be 2 hours before the matted lands off here in the airport waiting to board the cream off. In these time of the year she is always exited for all of us (my sister, my parents, and me)being O.K. unitedly for the long weekend in my old house in Huston, Texas, at Highland Walla, science I remember she is always like that, she didnt pack anything, she decide to be a housewife, she always makes sure that the house is effervescent that e rattlingthing Is In order. Her hobby Is to get Into courses, but that pips off my dad, Atoms, he views that feeding Into curses only serves to spend money.He Is a blueness man, he Is always at work, and he expects a lot from me and my sister, he sent us to the privy SST. Johns school, but that didnt worked out for my sister, Kate, she Is two years younger than me. When I turn back school At SST. Johns, I when directly with a scholarship to surge Medical School of Seattle, but an year ago when I came back home, to Texas for my sisters graduation, although she had one of the best averages in her class, she told us that she wasnt expiry to study, that she wanted to lead around the world, so she SE the money that my parents gave to her for her graduation gift for a tike to Europe Can you believe it? Imagine the reaction of my father, so since because Im the favori te son.Speakers a lady voice came out- all the ones of the cut intoage AAA, prick birding the plane, repeat the ones of the flight AAA excoriation boarding the plane so I grab my things, stand up and, start doing the boarding line, was the last one, In front of me, In the line, there was a cheeseparing girl, around of 28 years, all can see Is her back, she has short dumb hair, a long black dress that has two straps, and I think that s made of silk, but suddenly the woman that was asking for the tickets, asked her, and she start looking for the flight ticket in a desperate way,an she didnt disclose it, so she turned around, her big blue eyes start reflection directly at me, and she says you look like an honest man. Could you please absorb these, and take it to the McLean Village, avenue 3128 Monterey Rd- an after I an respond she hang to me a red vas, and go away and she shout REMEMBER McLean Village, street 3128 Monterey Rd and so I sit on the plane and I swan the v essel on the seat next to mine that was empty. I put the strike belt, close my eyes And we land off.After a few hours, we arrive I almost forgot, the vessel, I was waiting to see my family that they were picking me up the airport, and there they were, in the car meanwhile we catch-up, its been a long time since evening been here, Kate didnt stop talking about how her twenty the tree to Africa went, she told us that she has a Job as a photographer, and I can say Im very proud of her, she is a happening girl. We arrive home, there was a comprehend of food, Im share soft bed pillows an Jump to bed, mom Owe I miss this bed, so soft and with such a good tactile property y open my eyes an watch all my posters hanging there and for a moment I thought that I was a stripling again, being the popular one, making laugh at girls, I apply to had so much fun hereAfter a nap, dinner was ready, we ate in family we make a little of Jockeys, my sister and me suspensor my mother washing the di shes, and past I went upstairs so Id start unpacking my bag and then I saw the vessel, so I took it and I get into my mothers car, I drone to McLean village, I know that place I used to nag out there when I was a kid is a rich neighborhood, all the road was covers with trees, and all the leaves were at the street because of the fall, so then I found it street 3128 Monterey Rd, there was a really big white house, a typical house from the speed class, so I pres De ring bell, an there a housekeeper open De doorway and then a girl, Just of my same age, she was blonde skinny and was attired with a white shirt, a tight jeans, and high heels, and when I looked at her face she has the same blue eyes that the girl in the airport, and then I recognized that face, we went to the same school, he was always sitting at the front, but the last two years of school she disappear, Oh how was her name.. Mike Amyl. cubic centimetre YesMile Whitehorse, so when I sakes her if she was Mile she also r emembered me, so she makes me pass in and she lead me to De backyard where there in an immense lake and some armchairs, so we sat there and started talking, she told me that the last two years of school she went to capital of France to live with her mother and sister, the one of the airport, and then after a while, I remember the vessel, that, thats the reason that Im there so I give et vessel to her ND she starts to laugh, and she says how dramatic my sister is, in a vessel really, she put the ashes of our dead dog in a vessel And she keeps laugh louder and says Oh my graven image and you carry these the hole time and so we both start laughing and there we were liking and laughing all the afternoon. After that we stayed the hole holidays together, since then we are best friends, keeping contact although she lives in new York and I am finishing my career of surgeon I think Im going to new York

Impact of Innovation Technology in Banking Sector

The pertain of IT in ability and authorisation of swaning empyrean in Sri Lankathe in figure forbiddenation engineering science and its impact in strength and metier of the chamfering sphere of influence in sri lanka (with refernce to peoples bank building and plc commercial bank plc in sri lanka) author m. r. m. fazmeer 2005/2006 fmc s byh eastern university of sri lankaWhat is teaching engineering science? The study or intention of compu tinkle machines and tele converses for storing and sending Information (Oxford dictionary, 2003) The cultivation engineering science refers to either forms of engineering applied to affect, storing, and transmitting entropy in electronic form.The physical equipment affair for this purpose includes calculating machines, communication equipment and mesh topology, fax machines, and even pocket organizer. Information on dodge executes organized procedures and/or communicates info. We define Information as an impalpable or in discernible entity that severs to fall skepticism about slightly plead or event. information fuck be originated from the internal operation of the form external entities such as suppliers or clients. Data in any case make love from external data bases and service, for system purchases a great deal merchandise and competitive selective study.An nurture technology ordinarily growth these data in more or less way and present the results to users with easy availability of personal computers, users a good deal emergence the output of nut dust themselves in an ad ho manner. Human interpretation of learning is extremely essential in instinct how an scheme reacts to output of frame . Different result may stiff polar things to two motorbuss. A trends or problems with sales. A pecuniary manager may see problems with bullion flow given the same sales data, where the cope manager may use the statistical programs and graphs to look for trends or problems with sales.The recipient of a carcasss output 2 1 creator M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC southerly EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in competency and long suit of banking heavens in Sri Lanka may be an individual, as in the examples of the food marketing manager, or it may be a workgroup. Many organizations ar use routinely for control purpose in the organization and require check determination making. The accounts receivable coating brag generally places with little senior vigilance over sight. It is a in high spiritsly structured application with rules that merchantman be followed by a clerical staff.A incision manager handles exceptions. The output of near formations may be employ as a part of a program or corporate strategy. The arranging it self could be implementing a corporate strategy, such as simplifying the customer order turn. A system might help manager make closing. Information technology, however, extends far beyond the computational capabilities of computers. To twenty-four hours, computers atomic bod 18 used extensively for communications as soundly as for traditional mappings of data storages and computations. Many computers atomic number 18 connected in concert using various kind of communication line to form networks.Through a network, individuals and organization argon link in concert and these linkages are mass market networks like CompuServe, America on line, and prodigy are a to a greater extent recent phenomenon of course, the just about famous network of all is the internet and shall look for its possible for business. Today e very(prenominal) organization is faced with various nurture technology architectures. A manager is always concerned with various sources ready(prenominal) for product and operate. In the technology field. There are options on suppliers for two hard exhaust and software.The area of data technology as an integration of communication technology. (Asoka S. Karunanan da,1998) History of Impact of Information Technology In 21st century, the role of educate technology is very fundamental in every(prenominal) welkin, whether it is factory farm industry and operate. The education systems functions in an organization piddle expanded authoritatively over the years. Information systems of the 1950s forecast on reducing the cost of routine paper bear upon, transaction data processing, volume keeping, accounting and opposite electronic data processing.By the 1960s organizations started viewing information system antitheticly recognizing that information system could be used for general trouble support, such system was called as instruction Information musical ar trampment (MIS) that collected, stored and processed were seen as providing special purpose, customized perplexity control over the organization, such 2 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC southerly EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in competency and effective ness of banking sector in Sri Lanka system were called Decision Support placement (DSS) and Executive Support System (ESS).Their purpose was to improve and speed up the decision making process. Now information technology has effect very important all activities of the organization. On the other hand, service sector more contributes to the economy of the farming under the service of the banking sector is very important one. In our country, there are two forms of banks namely, give in banks and common soldier banks. The State banks are financed by the government through budget and cont mould over and managerial functions are carried out by them.On her hand private banks are financed by private sector itself and control and management is in the hand of them. Today we can see the private bank highly use the information expert systems in their every activity rather than in al noge banks. So, for my explore study purpose Im taking the sample as Peoples bank as a state bank and commercial message bank as a private bank. Now information technology is changing day by day. So these two banks introduced system to their organizations. So information technological system has become the one of the important resource of the organization.Today world is globalized. It has startling polemical phenomenon that brings nations into one global liquidation with One broad less economy so the effective and high-octane use of information technology is decisive to the organization. Information technology is vital like other resources such as man, money, material, machinery and methods. Without information technological system can non function in the competitive market. The banking sector is very important to the country because it has contributed lot to the countrys national income.And also from each one and every bank facilitates to every citizen to maintain accounts and other facilities as well. So there is a need to identify the impact of the information technology on p ower and effectiveness of banking sector. In the case of Sri Lankan banking sector there are two leading domestic banks one is Peoples bank a nonher(prenominal) one is Commercial bank PLC, and IT usage of Peoples bank (state bank) in their banking activities are very rare with Comparing with Commercial bank PLC (private bank).So we need to find out the reasons for the varies of IT usage surrounded by state banks and private banks. 3 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in readiness and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka The Importance of information technology Organizations rent various managerial levels. These all managerial levels lease different managerial functions, such as breeding, organizing, staffing, and controlling. These functions are necessary for successful organisational performance.To support these functions, especially planning and controlling systems for supping information to managers are of s pecial importance. Only with accurate and convictionly information can managers observe progress toward their goals and wrenchs plans into legitimateity. (Peter Drucker, 2000) The manager must(prenominal) handle the information system effectively and efficiently to achieving their goals of an organization. Therefore we commit seen information, requirement of information organization characteristics of information and information system of their qualitys.Information is not natural resources. Data are facts, events, proceedings and soon witch have been recorded. They are input raw materials from which information is produced. Briefly data is pool of observation . Information is data that have been processed in such a way as to be useful to the recipient, in another view the information is a control about the structure of an entity that enables a person to make a decision or commitment. System is a group of components that interact to achieve purpose.Comm only when, system 3 basic components they are inputs, output and processing. In this way information system is a group of components that interacts to produce information. Here data or raw materials as input information as output is gotten and processing component help to change the inputs to outputs. Briefly the minimum information system consists of people, procedure and data. People follow procedures to manipulate data to produce information. The interest figure explains it. Impact of Information Technology (Henry C. Lucas. 998) Many measure information technologies have failed because the reactions of users were ignored or because designers did not portion out the impact of the system on the organization. A technology elegant system is successful only it is used. Most 4 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in cogency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka early studies of the import of computers were entire after the systems had been installed. These studies were broad not are and in general were not oriented toward the design of better information system.More recent research has leg to the development of a mode of information systems in the con text of the organization, that describes how in formation systems impact and in tract with organizations. From this mode it should be achievable to predict the impact of systems in advance and plan for a successful inter face with the organization Best k at presentn sets ore dictions for the impact of computers on organizations (Leavitt and whistler 1998) These authors sequester that firms would recentralize as a result of unexampledborn computer technology, the availability of more information than previously possible would support management centralize.The trend until the development of computer technology to word decentalisation because centralization. Management could not cope with the amount of information and number of decision call for in lounge organ ization. Computers offer the effect to make centralize management possible so the organization can be tightly controlled by a group of top managers.Little evidence supports this early redetection (Lucas 1975) another problem in validating precisian of computer impact occurs in delimit variables such as centralization and decentralization (Information systems concepts for management Moreover, early predictions fictional that decentralization is negatively motivator there make other reasons to decentralise In other hand the information technology effect the scattering of power among the discussion section of the organization. Different discussion sections in organization have different levels of power and a theory proposed by Hick son et al (1971) offers some insight into these power relationships.As were shall see, the information function part sates conditions that are describes by the Hick son et al for high power, and by its activities, this alters the dissemination of power in the baking sector. There are four major(ip) conditions describes by the several researchers. The one hypothesized determinants of power is the extent to which the segment copes with skepticism for other discussion sections. Uncertainty is destined as the lack ok information about future events that make their outcomes less predictable. An information serve 5 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMCSOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka department cope swath aureate deal of uncertainty for user departments. When a sweet system is designed the user practically yields control over an operation to the information services department. For example consider the department that used to prepare budget logical arguments manually but that has sightly implemented a computer system to process budgets. Before the information technological system. When a gluepot clerks and analysts prepared the budget th e manager of the department had make out control.If the department was behind schedule the manager could arrange over time or employment help to see that job was completed. A source to most problems wow within the manager is own department Now, with the computer system, the manager has added uncertainties about whether the information services department give give the axe processing on time and with acceptable accuracy. The development of this computer system has created uncertainty for the manager where non existed before. Interesting enough, only the information services department can cope with this refreshing uncertainty.The information department of every organization is very important in every organization. So the uncertain ting also controlled by the information services department. A second hypothesized department of high power is whether or not a department can be replaced easily. These are a few alternatives to mature information services department. Dissatisfied comp any management could hire an entirely unused computer staff, but this would create chaos during the transition period. One can also pull to service bureau for processing, but it would be difficult and high-priced to covert all present applications.Another alternative to the information services department is a facilities management arrangement in which a consultant contracts to run an information service services department. However, most facilities management contractors hire attribute of the people currently workings in the information services department. A facilities management agreement also meets hesitance form management, which is a great deal sickish about hexing another organization responsible for the processing of vital information. These for a mature information services department, there are not more possible substitutes. AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka A third proposed determinant of high power for a department is the number of links between other department, the great its power clearly, here is another situation where the information services department has the potential for becoming quite powerful. The information services department may accept input from a wide variety of departments in the organization and provide the all with some type of service.The importance of each link also must be considered in assessing departmental power. It a link were separated, how long would be only an in convenience In most organizations the final output would no the affected drastically. For the information services department, the number of links and the importance of out put depend on the type of applications developed. Transactional and operational control systems are usually associated with greater power since these systems have immediate impact on workloads in the company.Most organizations, For an examples, are heavy penden t or on line transactions processing systems. The spot of interdependence between the department of interest and all other departments in the organization is a final condition for power, The greater the dependence of department marketing on department human resources department, the greater is department Marketings power. The information services department tends to exhibit reciprocal interdependence with user departments. That is the information services department and user departments mutually depended each other to process work, and unfortunately.This type of mutual dependence is the most demanding An information services department depends on users during systems design to supply information and provide and understanding of what is needed. On the other hand, the user is dependent on the information services department for the good aspects of design and for seeing that a system is implemented. During operations, the user must supply input and help maintain the database. The use r in turn is dependent on the information services department to provide processing services.Information Technology (IT) refers to hardware, software, procedures, personnel, and data employed in the production, dissemination, and utilization of information, twain formal and sexual, in an organization (Davis and Olson, 1985). While traditionally IT has been 7 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka defined to include only formal information systems, such as reporting systems generated by a database, increasingly IT is utilized to facilitate informal interpersonal communication.The key technologies include computers, computer-controlled devices, and telecommunications networks we also include electronic mail, teleconferencing, persona mail, and facsimile transmission as part of IT. IT consists not only of tangible pieces of equipment and programs it represents the cap acity of the organization to produce, disseminate, and digest information. IT has been used in a number of ways including the mechanization of information processing, the augmentation of knowledge work, and for supporting coordination in the organization.A significant amount of investment in IT is for basic mechanization of the records of production and dispersion of goods and services (e. g. , in voxs) or the actions themselves (e. g, electronic money transfer). A centralized database makes it possible to produce and disseminate information for management control as a by- product of mechanization. This category also includes technology used for manufacturing such as CAD/CAM and computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM). Information technology also contributes to the support of individual workers.Drucker (1964) place knowledge work as a specifically human activity, unambiguous from physical labor which could be automated. The notion of augmentation was initiatory defined by Engle bart (1963) as increasing the capability of a man (sic) to approach a complex problem situation, gain comprehension to suit his particular needs, and to get ahead solutions to problems (p. 1). Today, personal computers are used widely by individuals to augment knowledge work. Increasingly IT is being used to increase the ease of connection between individuals, organizational units, and even different organizations.Applications such as electronic mail, voice messaging, and facsimile transmission facilitate the communication and coordination of information required for organizational Processing. Some terms used for this class of applications are interpersonal figuring (Goldberg, 1987), coordination technology (Holt, 8 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka 1988 Malone, 1988), groupware (Richman, 1987a), and computer supported groups (Johansen, 1988).Efficiency and i ntensity level of Information technology Advances in information technology and intensified competition in the marketplace have contributed to the timely rake of products and ser- vices. This in turn has contributed to increased benefits and reduced costs of IT throw off management. Depending on the size, scope, and complexity of a regurgitate, a number of conflicting elements challenge IT visualize management. purge delivery may address the equally important need for reliability in delivering the project as promised, as well as its cost and benefits. equirements for effectiveness and efficiency in IT project management. Given the scathing importance of project delivery and reliability as well as the economic rationale in project planning and carrying out, the future of any business result be determined by how well projects are managed today. In general, soon period cycle times may lead to substantial additive earnings while the penalty for long project cycle times may me an missing market opportunities al- together. In addition, multi-project organizations may often tend to set up projects as soon as they are understood.These organizations launch the projects concurrently with existing projects, simultaneously with other new efforts, or without fitting run across to the capacity of the organization. This would commonly lead to an array of projects with conflicting priorities. Project resources and managers are responsible for sorting these priori- ties. Of particular concern in this union is that the priorities established within a functional area may not be in synchrony with other areas, or more importantly with the company-wide priorities.It can be argued that smaller projects are more manage- able and it is usually easier to ensure their success, and thus, smaller projects are more likely to succeed than outsize projects. On the other hand, one can argue that thumpingr projects would have more funding and resources and therefore should hav e a higher luck of success. However, 9 The recent developments in IT have also brought significant ramifications with adhesion to the critical AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKAThe impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka we argue that while the smaller projects may be more manageable, project management can be the critical factor in ensuring the success of the projects, regardless of the size. Some of the critical factors to project success are user involvement, executive support, and a clear statement of business objectives In this context, SWOT compendium and the Theory of Constraints provide a comprehensive framework that can address the effectiveness and efficiency of project planning. (Sabbaghi and Vaidyanathan, EDSIG, 2003, p. 2) (Wei, et al. 2002) proposed a resource con- strained-based project management model for project planning, implementation and control. The research does not include Theory o f Constraints as a musical instrument for effective project survival. Another model used SWOT analysis to make decisions on effective use of resources for housing projects (Ziara and Ayyub, 1999. ) The methodology considered twain the options and constraints of relevant socio-economic factors in the planning and construction of urban housing-project developments. A cream of R&D projects models consist of integer decision variables for both the number of researchers allocated nd project pickaxe. Re- searcher allocation and project selection are subject to several linear and nonlinear goal constraints (Taylor, et al. , 1982). In this study, we have pro- vided a framework for effectiveness and efficiency of IT project planning using SWOT analysis and Theory of Constraints. There is a potential for further research using both these tools to address the selection of projects in a more efficient and effective manner. (Sabbaghi and Vaidyanathan, EDSIG, 2003) 10 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZM EER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKAThe impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka Information Technology in commiting Sector (Ranee Jayamaha, 2008) The rapid advancement in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has had a profound impact on the banking industry and the wider financial sector over the last two decades and it has now become a tool that facilitates banks organizational structures, business strategies, customer services and other related functions. The recent IT regeneration has exerted far-reaching impacts on economies, in general, and the financial services industry, in particular.Within the financial services industry, the banking sector was one of the first to embrace rapid globalization and benefit significantly from IT development. The technological revolution in banking started in the 1950s, with the installation of the first automated bookkeeping machines at banks. This was well before the other indu stries became IT savvy. Automation in banking became widespread over the next few decades as bankers quickly realized that much of their labour-intensive information-handling processes could be automated with the use of computers. The first Automated Teller weapon (ATM) is reported to have been introduced n the USA in 1968, and it was only a cash dispenser. The advent of ATMs helped both to improve customer convenience and reduce costs, as before ATMs, withdrawing funds, accounts inquiries and transferring funds between accounts required face-to-face fundamental interaction between bank staff and customers. -Rapid advancement and gains to the banking sector Overall, technological innovation has brought about the speedy processing and transmission of information, easy marketing of banking products, enhancement of customer access and awareness, wider networking and, regional and global links on an curious scale.IT development has thus changed the product range, product developmen t, service channels and type of banking services, as well as the packaging of such services, with significant efficiencies not only in the banks, but also the ancillary and feeder services to banks. The financial services industry has thus become virtually dependent on IT development. Most banks make visible efforts to keep up with new systems and processes. 11 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri LankaThe development in ICT has enabled banks to provide more diversified and convenient financial services, even without adding physical branches. The present day ATMs are more sophisticated machines that can scan the customer and a bank teller, accept cash or cheques, facilitate customer application for loans and allow for face-to-face discussion with a service representative via video. The development of meshwork services, which is an extensive, low-cost and convenient finan cial network, has facilitated banking services to customers, anywhere and anytime.Along with Internet and Web-based services, a need for changing karyon banking architecture has emerged. The psychiatric hospital of new core banking systems by some banks and their links with the improved telecommunication network has enabled banking transactions to be done on-line, in contrast to the batch-processing mode used earlier. The integration of etrading with internet banking and banks websites is also a notable feature. These IT advancements have enabled banks to piecemeal replace manual work by automated procedures with on-line real time processing. -Adoption of Information Technology in Sri Lankan lodge industry The banking sector in Sri Lanka has undergone a rapid transformation with the adoption of IT-based banking solutions. The widespread usage of IT in Sri Lankas banking sector began only in the late eighties with the introduction of the first ATM by HSBC argot in 1986. The intr oduction of ATMs and automated processes has reduced the cost per transaction significantly, as staff command processing overhead costs have decreased. Initially, the banks adopted systems developed in-house or used marketer provided systems on a decentralized basis, thus transforming manual systems to automated processes.However, most of the core-banking systems provided by different vendors were ad hoc solutions and on piecemeal basis, i. e. separate modules and technology platforms for key operations such as deposit mobilization and lending, make out finance, treasury operations, and more recently card transactions. Those who opted to implement new core-banking systems together with other sub systems and integrations may have made relatively large 12 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka investments with sustainable gains to compensate costs.The arrival of new f oreign and private banks with state-of-the-art technology-based services pushed other banks in Sri Lanka to hightail it towards the latest technologies so as to retain their customer base and meet competition. The increasing competition in Sri Lankas banking industry has widened the scope of the IT root development to meet diversified demands made by numerous users. Today, customers of some banks enjoy services through Internet banking, Tele banking, Mobile tele echo banking and endorse/Master Credit and Debit card facilities.The growing competition and expectations have also increased awareness amongst banks of the role and importance of technology in banking. -Information Technology of Commercial Banks. The Bank has vital information system to their organization activity. They have invested more and more on new information technology. withstand year they have received the edge over other banks and they will continue to invested in information in order that they to stay ahead. close year they invested Rs. 302. 13million in IT. Two new cutting edge products they rolled out.In partnership with Dialog. They enabled the customers to top up their pre-paid mobile phones by way an SMS to the Bank. The SMS debits the customers Bank account and tops up his/her pre-paid mobile phone account. Intermediary truncation are eliminated truncation costs reduced and a win-win scenarios is created for the services provided, the customer and the Bank This year they will clinch deals with other operators as well and offer the product to abroad group of the customers. This new product has concept of pre-paid telephone cards.A similarly deftness has now been elongated to customers who have obtained Pahan personal loans obtained those eligible to get their loans immediately topped up merely by sending SMS to the Bank. Thorough the Mobile ATM process the collective wealth of the Bank is enhanced enabling the previous of superior potations to our customers. They have several e lectronic products which are operating using an information technology they are e-Exchange, e-load, Com Tel, Mobile ATM operating on GPRS Technology, Online banking, call in Banking and etc. 13 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMCSOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka They have giving several facility and technology to their customer to attract the customer and improve the efficiency and effectiveness as well in the committee market. So they have use effective information technological system to their function. -Information Technology of the Peoples bank. Having worked on a revolutionary IT platform last two years, 2005 become the year in which information Technology became the platform, for Peoples Bank to drive its business. he strategic plan 2005-2008 maps out of the years, in which the bank will create a business responsive IT culture, built on an anytime anywhere sever ice where Information is avai lable at the snatch up of button- easily accessible and very comprehensive where knowing their customers empowers employees to develop the required business Through the responsiveness, and where carrying for customers become precedency integrated banking solutions and multi-channeled delivery systems, the Bank will be able to deliver a complete range of banking services .This will enable to the Bank to earn revenue which turn contributes to the business performance that makes it a vital financial instate. The implication of Banks Core Banking solution vital for the enhancement of the function and severances which the management and the employees could extent to provide excellent customer service e core Banking salutation will also bring in effective control, policies and dissiliences in providing a customer centric knowledge based cultural which enhances productiveness and competitiveness.The Core Banking salutation was rolled out to 37 branches including corporate Banking divisio n, trade finance division, overseas customer services unit, central clearing and cash and the finance and MIS division of the bank during2005. During the year 2006, the Bank copes to roll out the salutation to 200 branches. This would enable all the main branches of the bank to use the Core Banking salutation. The Bank has also installed a central Archiving system and the MIS / Data Ware house system during 2005.The effectiveness and productivity relating to the MIS / Data ware house system and the Central Archiving system would be important areas to fours during 2006. The linguine of the credit card center, FCBU and the corporate II system would be some of the key areas of the Core Banking implementation other than the automation of 14 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka the 163 branches during 2006archiving system.The It personnel of the Bank attached to the Dat a Center, operating IBM e Server I Series system have also been provided with alter training from IBM, their partners Blue Chip Customer Engineering Lanka (Pvt) Ltd. And silver lake. The training provided covers the technical aspect and operational aspect of IBM e Server I Series, the Archiving system together with the application system in use (SIBS). formulation was also provided to the team managing the Central switch with regard to the operation and technical aspect of the Central switch system and its connectivity.The PABS team was provided with advance SCO UNIX, training conducted by SCO- UNIX. USA in Sri Lanka. The IT department staff continues a process providing training to branch uses using the PABA system and the ATMs in odder to the streetcar track the operational efficiency and support to the branch. This training program was conducted through out the year. The offices attached to the IT department continued to receive training areas of technical Development, Managem ent, Management Development and Leadership. The aim of developing their skills in adaptation to technical skill has been constantly addressed.During 2005 the bank has strengthen its control with regard to IT operations and Viruses protection, relating to all system used by the Bank. The Bank is continue sly working on improving its vigilance process and maintains stringent security with regard to all its system. During 2006 setting up of firewalls will be given priority consideration. 15 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka REFERENCES 1.Abdul QawiAthman & Lynn Owen, Adopting and Measuring Customer emolument Quality (SQ) in Islamic Banks A case study in Kuwait Finance House, International Journal Of Islamic pecuniary Services Vol. 3 2. Banking Journal, 1996-2000, Institute of Banks of Sri Lanka. 3. Copeland and Mc Kenney, 1985 the impact of information technolo gy in air lines industry 4. Haron. s, Ahamad. N and Planis . S (1994), Bank mount Factors of Muslim and NonMuslim customers, International Journal Of Bank Marketing Vol. 12,No. 1 PP. 32-40 5. Hentry C. LUCAS, junior 1982, Information Systems For Management Edition O- O7- O36924 -1.McGraw- Hill series in management information system. 6. Lears Silver and Fatima Vegholm The impact of the enabling organization on customers delight Banks and their small business customers (KTH-DrottningKristinalVag 30,SE- 10044 Stockholm, Sweden, 1996) 7. Peter F. Drucker, (2000). The importance of information technology ,ISBN 8. Rosenblatt. J Laroche. M. Hochstein. A. Mehlavish. R and Sheahan. M (1998), Commercial Banking in Canada A study Of the selection criteria and service expectations of treasury Officers, International Journal Of Bank Marketing Vol. ,No. 4, PP. 20-30 9. Website i. outermost Banks website http/www. outer banks . org. ii. Using. ch website http/www. using. ch. /org. iii. http// www. statistics. gov. lk iv. http//www. wikipedia. org 16 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA The impact of IT in efficiency and effectiveness of banking sector in Sri Lanka BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Chorofas, D. , Steinman, H. (1991) Expert systems in banking A guide for senior managers, UK, Macmillian. 2. Gandy, T. , (Jan. 1996) Big picture, Banking Technology 3.Gardner, P. (1994) Electronic trading A practical handbook, UK, Butterworth Heninemann 4. Mckenzie, H. , (Mar. 1995) Attack of the hackers, Banking Technology 5. Mills, A. ,( Mar. 1996) At your service, Banking Technology 6. NatWest Group, Perspectives on technology(1995). 7. Norton, J. , Reed, C. , Walden, C. ,(1995) Cross-border electronic banking 8. Websites i. ii. iii. http//www. wikipdea. org http//www. 123journals. com httpwww. emaraldinsight. com 17 AUTHOR M. R. M. FAZMEER 2005/2006 FMC SOUTH EASTERN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA

The Fault in Our Stars Reflective Response

The shifting in our Stars Reflective Response People bring a all-embracing range of philosophies and beliefs on how they should live their lives. The anticipated approach in which they should look their fears, their challenges, and their daily decisions varies greatly from the true outcomes. Many people are hopefully to run low the idea of greatness they envision and Gus being a romantically oriented person obsessed over the idea of becoming hazels knight in incandescence armor. Learning of his imp halting devastation put him in the same position as cobnut.He could now empathise the psychological effects of sustainment life on the true edge, not realizeing what the next day will play for yourself or those close to you. In his garner, Gus takes on a tone of disparity due to his acknowledgment of human inconsistencies. He understands the conflicting ideas of human emotion and the truthful savageness of reality. Being split between his own hopes of leaving a tomfool an d his acceptance that like doctors say First, do no harm (312) Gus accepts the outcomes with reservation.Due to the affinity and emotional attachment between Gus and hazel, Hazels beliefs create a slight bias that has great effect on giving of living on the edge he now sees the world as Hazel views it. Gus now is split between his own ideas of romanticism, which is apparent when he continues to bring up true heroism, yet his situation directs him towards the true analytical fellow feeling of the world. In a final attempt to do what matters Gus true genius of romanticism emerges. Though his mind is convinced to accept that the less the swash the better he clearly wants to make that impression deep down.For Hazel he attempts to continue her vision of him being her knight in shining armor by showing her even after death he is there to love her. Gus is the true example of internal conflict in a males mind. The rationality and emotional consociateions to values become entangled and confused. As all humans in a effect of crisis they begin to understand the true nature of their personalities, but become remote from the blissful ignorance of the world in order to lessen their damaging effect.The irresoluteness and confusion that Gus has at the time of writing his earn is a normal response to insecurity and hopelessness. In many situations of bleakness I myself energize been torn between making the instinctual protective decision or the honest response in which others are spared of impairment. It is unclear what the right course of serve is in order to derive both yourself and others, but in equipment casualty of personality I feel that I compare closely to what Gus tries to be.I know that he wants to be a good person that works for the benefit of others, but at the same time his own hopes influence his actions so that he can be seen as a martyr. After screen through his thoughts Gus finally decides that making a difference is Hazels life is the most im portant thing that he can do in his limited time. By adopting and living her ideas he provides her a good sense of unity with him even after he is gone. Gus letter reveals more than further about his own internalizations.His thoughts give secondary support to Hazels and maintain relevance to the reader because of its universality. In terms of the novel Gus letter provides the reader with an applic satisfactory question to think about. Many people adore if theyre making a difference in the world, but a few(prenominal) people understand what it means to make a difference, but eyesight things in a relatively unaltered view allows the reader to connect with the ideas, emotions, and thoughts Green was attempting to communicate.Gus letter also illustrates the two-sidedness of the world. As Gus says a desert blessing, an sea curse (313) perspective changes the impact of everything. Even the few things in the public that remain constant are not always consistent. In the end Gus become s to heroic romantic martyr that he dreams of becoming although he wished for things to have happened differently for his own purposes. Gus makes his choices at he says at the end of the letter and he like all those who search for happiness are able to attain it.

Examine the Themes of Relationship in To His Coy Mistress and Valentine Essay

In my essay, I entrust be examining the theme of human relationships in To His Coy mistress by Andrew Marvell and Valentine by Carol Anne Duffy. I go away write closely the poems themes, ideas, social organisation and linguistic pulls. I will comp are and contrast each poem, so intrust my opinion on my favourite and why. Andrew Marvell wrote his poem, To His Coy Mistress in the 16th century. The poem has three stanzas and is written in rhyming couplets. It is some a man who is in a rush to keep up intimate intercourse with his mistress. He is lu ruby by her beauty and wants to enjoy her beauty in advance the season is over. He presents a familiar theme in books carpe diem ( nitty-gritty seize the day), he commits this as he tries to seduce a womanhood and declare his venerate for her, while she his shy and hesitant, he tries to persuade her to think book binding that they must take advantage of the outcome.There are twain themes in the poem, carpe diem and sedu ction. Times winged chariot hurrying effective Here, he tells his mistress that time is flying so they should have sex directly and seize the day, he is rushing her and trying to charm her by relative her to make the most of the time they have. The seduction theme is mostly implied in the third stanza, through the iron gates of life. He refers to her hymen existence broken and her virginity being taken as they make spang. Let us roll our strength up into one ball, he wants them to be entwined and confined to matureher as they have sex and have a connection. downslope 11 shows the schoolboyish man who is pleading for the young lady to layover playing hard to get and accept his fuck, compare his love to a vegetable. My vegetable love should grow, He could be using the vegetable as a phallic symbol to refer to his penis growing as he gets an erection.However, he could be referring to his love growing for her as it is nurtured a wish a vegetable by love and touch sensationin g so that it flourishes. He mocks romantic poetry through crude imagery in Lines 27 and 28, then worms shall try that pine preserved virginity. He is persuading her by do her think that if she leaves it until she is old and dead and doesnt have sex with him handle a shot, or the worms will be the only things that will get benefit of her body. As they eat her, they will take her virginity with them. Marvell uses a gross example of overstatement in Line 15, two atomic number 6 to adore each breast, at once he tries seduce her by telling her if they had all the time in the world and they were immortal and could live forever, he would spend two hundred years staring at each breast.He uses an expression of individual(prenominal) and private feelings such(prenominal) as and into ashes all my lust here he is being honourable towards his mistress as he describes his passionate passion towards her. He is now pressuring her as he is saying that when he dies and is make into ashes, i.e . cremated all his love for her will be burnt as easily as his body. The structure of the poem is set out according to the literary argument. Stanza one and two are when he uses hyperbole and carpe diem to declare his love for the young lady and stanza three is the conclusion. The arguments are If we had alone and therefore. The foremost stanza shows that the space and time are eternal as the second stanza shows that we ourselves are not. The third and final stanza shows that we only have to live our every moment for fun. The arguments are about eternal love and lust. Eternal love is long and lasting therefore the first stanza is long as that is its subject. The life of the young man and the mistress is short, so is the second stanza.The last stanza is short also, as sex and passion, in this case, is just a spark. There are two similes in the poem sits on thy skin like morning dew and like amorous birds of prey. The first simile represents the crystal-clear skin of the mistress and refers back to her beauty. The second stanza means the strength and speed and the passion made by the pair of lovers when they make love. Nor would I love at a rase rate and Times winged chariot hurrying near are two examples of metaphor which are used in the poem. kip down her at a lower rate he is saying he would love her for as long as he could, but time equals money so they should just have sexual intercourse now before they waste even more time. He is summing up what he wants and acquire straight to the point here. The second poem which I will be examining and analysing is Valentine by Carol Anne Duffy. Duffy has written this poem in septette stanzas, three of which consist of a single line.It represents a palpable relationship as she wants us to speak more honestly about love in relationships. In this poem Duffy states her dislike for the normal stuff you get on Valentines Day. On a deeper level she wants to modernise the symbols we use for love. There are several the mes in the poem, all of which are disparate to Marvells. They are all to do with a realistic relationship such as honesty, romance, negative experience, tenderness and bitterness. The poet views love as healthy so long as it avoids both tacky romance and marriage. A red rose, a satin tinder and a cute card are the usual lovers boons on Valentines Day. Duffy is harsh on these clichd symbols of love. In the poem Duffy suggests these normal cards, red roses and kissograms lack any real meaning Not a red rose or a satin heart, Not a cute card or a kissogram.She thinkms to be a tough character as she gives her lover and onion plant sooner of a rose, I give you an onion. She expects at the different ways that an onion is suitable for showing love as she tells her lover what an onion will do for him. The onion represents light, discovery and tears it represents the tough side of love. She thinks the onion stands for the truth about love, therefore the poem takes a deep look at it a s she looks at what love is made up of. Duffy explores what makes a relationship meaningful, I am trying to be truthful, she argues that you have to be honest to make a relationship work. The first linguistic device in the poem is a metaphor and how it explains why an onion flora as a love gift. It is a moon wrapped in born paper, the brown skin is the wrapping paper of the gift, the onion.She compares her gift to a moon wrapped in brown paper, this picture of the moon represents the altogether onion, just after it has been peeled, and we know that when the paper is removed we will see the moons light. The moons light represents love, and moonlight practically provides a romantic setting. Light can also mean the truth. The shedding of the onion is like two people taking off each others clothes before they make love like the careful undressing of love. The different layers of the onion are like the layers of mortals personality. You gradually discover these layers in a love relat ionship. The onion represents discovery. The third stanza shows that love is more complex than lovey-dovey romance. In line 6, she announces her gift to her lover Here. She is obviously handing the onion to the other person to stockpile and peel, it is then that we see another aspect of love, tears. At whatever stage in the peeling or the unwrapping of the onion, the eye sheds tears.Tears and distress are part of real life love so the source for these tears is emotional. Not only will the onion make your eye water, the pain caused by a loved one similarly brings tears. Photos of joyous moments are usually shared between lovers so it is imagined that in real life there are moments of hurt or sorrow in a relationship. Duffy thinks lovers should honestly admit to these too, wobbling photo of grief. She uses the style of a wedding as she offers her onion gift I give you an onion, that sentence sounds like I give you this ring. The poem states that the smack and scent of an onion are like the passion of love, an onion is a good symbol for passion because its taste remains with you, stay on your lips. In the last stanza, Duffy demands her lover take the gift, Take it. She tells him that they might marry.She suggests that the sharp white core of the onion is like a wedding ring, Its platinum loops shrink to a wedding ring. The final image about scent clingstoneing has another meaning, scents linger after lovemaking. These scents will remain in memory after the relationship ends. The smell of an onion stays on your fingers for good while, again, the onion proves to be a good way of getting the poets message across. After examining each poem I have chosen Valentine as my favourite poem.In Marvells poem, I could feel the passion of the young man, and how much he admired the coy Mistress, but I came to the conclusion that the poem was a little smutty. Therefore, I chose Valentine as I liked how she used the onion as a love symbol in a realistic relationship. The idea of the scent cling to your knife was very real, just like a relationship, sharp and cutting. In conclusion, I have examined the theme of relationships between the two poems To His Coy Mistress and Valentine. I have explored the linguistic devices and ideas of the poems, also giving my opinion on my favourite and why.

Smartphone Competition

Sizable commercialise Nowadays, more and more race tend to miss more time on tele scream, from exhibit 1 we can calculate that each person almost spend 14 minutes on happy phones for playing secret plans (Shane Richmond, 2012). What is more, 33% of people ar playing seconds via shiny phone and 25% people be playing bouncings via handled devices (esa, 2012). These data indicates that more people prefer to play risques on insolent phones than other devices, and people are provideing to spend more time on smart phones to play games.Especi all toldy, from the survey we can know that all respondents they hold smart phones, which representation this market is extremely sizable based on the bounteous users. What is more, specter Company is meek come with, which means that they do not mother enough funds to create games on diverse devices, and they do not relieve oneself adapted resources and experts to create games on diverse devices. Therefore, smartphones can be the proper platform for phantasma Company to create games. Opportunistic market Furthermore, if the companionship can focus on creating games on smart phones in Canada, the market size will be attractive.Thats because on that point are 10. 5 million smart phone users in Canada, the number of users whitethorn increase to 16. 4 million by 2016 (Innovation Report 2012 slide Watch, 2012), and 60% of smart phone adults users prefer using cell phones to play games, which means that all of these user can be the potential target customers for Phantom Company. Especially, all of them are adults, they have buy power for the game apps, if the company can attract these people, and they can have lucrative market in the smart phone game industry. Profitable marketBased on the survey we can see that most respondents are willing to have a bun in the oven more money on quality games, especially most of them has purchasing power, therefore, as long as the games are attractive for these people, thi s smart phone market can be profitable. Competition The smart phone game market is good news for customers, because it creats convenience, flexibility, and more entertainments for life. However, the fierce competition will put pressures on companies. Firstly, which bulls eye Phantom should soak up their phones. There are divers brands of phones in the arket, these brands possess diverse kinds of games on their phones, for example, Samsung Electronics, LG Electronics, HTC, Apple, Motorola, and RIM. The high-pitchedest market look at smartphone is Samsung, which is 26. 0%, and LGs is 17. 7%, Apple occupy 17. 5%, Motorola is 10. 9% and HTC is 6. 2%( Eric Abent, 2012). This fact shows that Phantom should choose carefully for which brand to launch their games in order to game more people to play and have profitable market in the future. Secondly, the video game competition in Canada is fierce. There are currently 348 video game companies operating in Canada.The average Canadian Video coarse-grained Company employs 45 people, and there are more game companies in Ontario than other provinces, which mean that all of these companies are Phantoms direct competitors ( insipid Hartley, 2011). Especially, there are lots of famous companies in Montreal, which means it will be tough for Phantom to compete with these board video companies based on its scarcity of expert resources and innovation capabilities, and brand recognitions. Competitions during the industry There are diverse competitors in the video game industry in Canada.There are three famous video game companies, where were listed top 10 video game companies in 2012. These companies are Torontos XMG Studio, Montreals Gamerizon, and Torontos Capybara Games (Knowlton Thomas, 2012). These companies are well-known companies that lead to high reliability and loyalty in the market. What is more, famous and big companies posse sufficient expert sources and innovation capabilities, which are the key successful factor s for the video game companies. Especially, these companies have sophisticated experiences on developing alert games in the past.Subsequently, these company posse diverse advantages, which Phantom needs and lacks. In addition, more and small companies are established these days in Canada, they are also competing with Phantom now. They may have similar capabilities with Phantom, or they may have more funds than Phantom to develop more innovative games than Phantom. These companies also menace to Phantoms future. Appendixes Exhibit 1 Source Shane Richmond, 2012 http//www. telegraph. co. uk/technology/mobile-phones/9365085/Smartphones-hardly-used-for-calls. hypertext mark-up language References Shane Richmond, June 29, 2012.Smartphones hardly used for calls. Retrieve on November 8, 2012 from http//www. telegraph. co. uk/technology/mobile-phones/9365085/Smartphones-hardly-used-for-calls. html esa, 2012. Game player data. Retrieve on November 8, 2012 from http//www. theesa. com/facts/ gameplayer. asp Innovation Report 2012 Trend Watch, August 2012. Retrieve on November 18, 2012 from http//www. newmediatrendwatch. com/markets-by-country/11-long-haul/45-canada? start=2 Eric Abent, November 2012. Comscore deliver mobile market share report for September 2012. Retrieve on November 8, 2012 from http//androidcommunity. om/comscore-delivers-mobile-market-share-report-for-september-2012-20121102/ Matt Hartley, May, 2011. Canadas gaming industry is kickingbutt. Retrieve on November 18, 2012 from http//business. financialpost. com/2011/05/30/canadas-home-grown-video-game-industry-shines-on-international-stage/ Knowlton Thomas, March 30, 2012. Three Canadian Companies Named in Worldwide List of spinning top 10 Mobile Game Developers to Watch in 2012. Retrieve on November 18, 2012 from http//www. techvibes. com/blog/three-canadian-companies-named-in-worldwide-list-of-top-10-mobile-game-developers-to-watch-in-2012-2012-03-01

History of Womens Football in England Essay

I have chosen to do my essay ab issue the history of wo manpowers footb solely game game game grainy(a) in England. Ive chosen to print about this because it is a topic which I am interested in as I find for a girls football team inside school and out. to a fault I would same(p) to find out to a greater extent about wo custodys football and where and when it all started. In this essay you bequeath find out about the basic history of womens football heading all the way cover song from 1895 to present day. I lead as well write a comparison between mens football and womens and shargon my opinion about1895-1920 On the 6th April 1895 the primary invariably womens football game took channelize at Preston Park, Brighton. The event was organize to raise funds for local anesthetic medical charities. In the converge newton beat South 7-1. Up to 1920 no more womens sum upes took place until the first womens international game when Dick Kerrs slope ladies took on the French Ladies. The result was a 2-0 victory to England this game had a huge audience of 25,000 mess. On Boxing Day 1920 a match took place between Preston and St Helens, Preston winning 4-0. It was the biggest crowd to date for a womens match with 53,000 spectators.1921 In 1921 another big match was supposed to produce place between Lon get into and Paris. This match never went ahead collectible to the FA. The FA issued a ban against womens football. They stated the game of football is quite incommensurable for fe potents and ought not to be encour epochd. This meant any women caught wantoning football on the grounds of an affiliated club would be punished for breaking the law. many a(prenominal) women were disgusted by the decision and thought it was precise unfair to do this. If I was rough in this time I would also be very aggravated by the decision and I would be polish offend that they still allow men to play.1969-1971 After 48 geezerhood of womens football being banned wom en wanted to change this. They started to go away very besotted a started campaigning. After a few campaigns 44 women got to line upher to radiation pattern The Womens football game Association (WFA). They were hoping that they would slowly gain back the right to play womens football. Two years later in 1971 the FA council lifted the ban against women which allowed women to play football once again. It had been fifty years since they had been allowed to play so they knew that the game would be no pertinaciouser as popular as it was and it would engender a while to get it back to the way it was. Not long after the ban was lifted women were advertising for football teams all around the country.1991-1994 Since 1971 womens football slowly grew bigger and bigger with many small local unifys playing all around the country. In 1991 the WFA launched a national league. It started off with 24 clubs from all around the country it was pretty similar to the womens league we have today. Tw o years later they found that the league had been very successful so the WFA decided to host a cup competition. In 1993 the WFA held a national cup competition with 137 teams entering from across the nation. Womens football was slowly becoming bigger and gaining popularity. In 1994 the FA took on the administration of the Womens land fusion and the League Cup competition. The league then became The FA Womens Premier League (FAWPL).1997-1998 In 1997 the FA decided that they were going to develop womens football from the grassroots to the elite level. This meant that more young girls could get involved to gain popularity. In 1998 the first 20 Centres of Excellence were established for young girls. Sponsors were gained for the league and the cup competitions this raise the profile of the womens game. overly in 1998 Hope Powell was appointed as the first full-time coach for the Englands Womens international side. This was a very big thing for the nation. I think this helped the gam e increment its popularity because it got more people involved in the game from an early age which meant in the future decades womens football should be a very popular game.1999-2002 In 1999 England entered their first Fifa World Cup. The competition was held in the USA and which saw tickets sold out for most matches and all over 90,000 at the Final. There had been a competition called the Womens World Championship. This was just like a world cup and it was held in 1991 precisely England didnt participate. In 2002 researchers found that football had become the top participated sport for girls and women of England. The FA had not plotted for this to happen for another 3 years, so they were well ahead of schedule.2005-Present In 2005 the UEFA Womens Championship was held in England. The opening matches attracted around 29,000 spectators per game, with around 2.9 million people watching the games live on BBC Two. The tournament was att terminate by over 115,000 fans within 15 matche s. England went out in the group poses, but got a lot of recognition across the nation. Since then womens football has gradually become more popular and has reached the level it is at today. I think it has do well to regain its popularity after the fifty year ban, but I dont think it will ever get back to the popular state which it was in before the game got banned.FAs jut out for the Future of Womens Football The FA has many plans to increase the growth of womens football. They are introducing it to younger people across the country by holding sampling station days and trials for many football clubs. Also the FA is trying to expand the womens football league into two different leagues just like the mens. hither is an extract from the article the FA released The Football Association is considering introducing a two- grade Womens top-notch League (WSL) in 2014. The eight teams that took part in the inaugural WSL season, which ended in August with Arsenal winning the title, have been offered new licences. cardinal teams had initially applied for membership in 2010, with Sunderland and Nottingham Forest missing out. An FA avowal said Plans being discussed include exploring the introduction of a second tier in 2014. I think this is a good idea because it will make the game become more popular across the country. Also with more leagues being introduced this authority more spectators which will mean more money is being funded into the association.What I think of the Future of Womens Football I think womens football has done very well to get back to where it is today due to the ban for fifty years. However, I dont think that womens football will ever get to the stage like mens because mens football has had a lot more time to reach this popularity. Also there is a huge amount of money in the association and it would be a lot impossible for women to get to that amount. I do think that womens football will grow bigger and younger girls will start to get involve d. The notwithstanding problem with this is it will take quite some time but they have to make up the time from the ban.Comparison When it comes to football men and women play the exact same game but one seems to be a lot more popular, the mens. Mens football was first found in 1314 which is nearly 700 years ago and womens football was first found in 1895 which is not even 120 years ago. Therefore there was 581 years between men and womens football. Somehow this has managed to fall upon the popularity in the game as it is very rare to find womens football on television when it is median(a)d that there is one manlike football match per week shown on television. If you wanted to be a professional football player whatever sex you are you would get paid, but there is a significant amount of money difference between the genders. The average male Manchester City player would receive around 86,280 per week plus bonuses and the average female Arsenal player would receive around 3,000 p er week that means that there is 83280 different in the wages they receive each week. touch I think that womens football is different today than mens because the FA banned it. I think if women were able to play football all the way through the 20th Century I think womens and mens football would be similar in popularity and the wages. I also think that is very silly that the games are treated differently because they twain play the same game, 90 minutes each week and the male are treated much better and receive the better liquidate when they both do the same job.

Jonathan Livingston Seagull Essay

Like Starsky and Hutch, Jaws and flared jeans, Jonathan Livingston Seagull was one of the hits of the 1970s. It was take downing made into a movie. precisely what exactly is this book, and is it still worth yarn? Bachs bestseller is an uplifting fable of a seagull, Jonathan, who decides he is ein truthwhere such(prenominal) more than just a seagull, who wants something else out of life story. It consists of fewer than 100 pages, including many a(prenominal) dreamy photographs of gulls in action. The book is now a symbol of the pick or New Age spirituality that emerged at this cartridge holder merely as many afford noted, Jonathans experience in the write up is an allegory for the life of Jesus Christ. Flying into the unkn proclaimJonathan is different to another(prenominal) birds in his flock For just approximately gulls, it is not short that matters, but eating. For this gull, though, it was not eating that mattered, but flight. His father tells him that The reason you fly is to eat, and that flying for the sake of it is not done. Still, Jonathan spends his days experimenting with high-speed dips and flying very modest over the water. He wants to push his limits, to find out what is possible. Often, it ends in expansive failure. He resigns himself to just being part of the flock, doing things the way they had always been done. But one day he tries a dive, and is able to accelerate to a ampere-second and forty miles per hour, a gray cannonball under the moon about. The contiguous day, he goes even beyond this, over two hundred miles per hour, the fastest a gull had ever flown. In his celebration Jonathan go down from the heights and flies right by dint of his own flock, as luck would have it not killing anyone. He substantiates he has spotn his species to a stark naked level. Once he teaches them what he knows, he thinks, they allow no long-life have a tired life of going from one angle boat to another, picking up fish heads jus t to survive. He testament show them a higher level of existence. Genius banishedYet the next day, Jonathan is summoned to stand before the gull Council. For his reckless irresponsibility he is dishonor and banished from the flock. He is told he does not understand the purpose of gull life to eat to stay alive as long as possible. out at the Far Cliffs, Jonathan spends his days alone, sad not so much for himself but for the possibilities the flock has spurned. For all the time he is finding upstart ways to do things. From his flying experiments he discovers that a controlled high-speed dive into the water can get the better-tasting fish which swim some remoteness below the surface. Ironically, his love of flying itself has lead to an abundance of food. Jonathan later meets a group of more advanced gulls, gulls equal him who fly for the sake of it. They take him into another dimension, a sort of heaven for gulls, and he is told that he is a one-in-a-million gull, because he ha s learned the lesson of life that it is not just to get through but to seek your own perfection in some way. most gulls have to go through a thousand lives before they realize this. In the authors words We choose our next land through what we learn in this one. Learn nothing, and the next world is the similar as this one, all the same limitations and lead weights to overcome. We must seek our own perfection this is the reason for living. Final wordIt might take completely half an hour to read, but Jonathan Livingston Seagullcan clear the mind and lift the sights, like a walk on the beach breathing in the zesty air. It is easy now, 35 years on, to overlook the originality of the books concept, and though some find it rather nave, in fact it expresses fadeless ideas about human potential. When you go to the seaside you see gulls always squabbling over a single french fry or a kale crust, and think, How they squabble over nothing Yet this book shows us that most people are like t he gulls in Jonathans flock if they save got out of their narrow mindsets they would realize what riches awaited them. Like the British explorer of the same name, Jonathan Livingston knows that The gull sees farthest who flies highest. If pondering volumed changes in your life, this book may inspire the confidence you need. it teaches us to do what you want to do ignoring what others leave alone think of you.. but we should full heartedly utilization to achieve our dream just like Jonathon Livingston ,each time he coiffe he comes to know the mistake in his fly wants perfection so he spends days and nights learning more about the speed and flight. Thats all I wanted to answer..The first lesson that became obvious to me was the lesson of how to live freely. To be able to live the way you want and not caring about the opinions of others. This seems to me to be the most important lesson I have learned from this book, because even though this may be the hardest lesson to follow I be lieve it gives you the sterling(prenominal) satisfaction. I have learned in recent years that by just following the flock you can cause yourself to be very disappointed, but by following your own heart you can perplexity yourself as to how happy you can be. Starting now and continuing into the upcoming I plan to live by my own values and not be ashamed if I think differently from the rest of my peers. To sincerely yours live freely though, it is inevitable that some tough choices will have to be made and that is the second lesson I attained from the book. Throughout our lives we will be faced with choices and it is our decision to either choose the path that will let us be truly and freely happy or the path that others think we should follow. Applying this to my own life may be a little hard at first because it is always difficult to go against the grain but I think that over time by gradually making proper choices for myself I could finally reach my authorized happiness. Anoth er lesson that affected me was how we need to challenge our own limiting self-beliefs. From the time we are born we are told what is right, what is wrong, and what to believe.