Confucianism and Superior Man Essay Example

Confucianism and Superior Man Paper A Reflection on Confucianism Confucianism teachings focus on three socially critical topics. These aspects are woven into the Confucian teachings called The Analects. The Analects can be broken down into the four main parts of focus, humanity, or Jean, word-deed, propriety and the superior man. These Analects are primarily concerned with the personal, and government morality of the people in a given society, the correctness of their social relationships, and the justice and sincerity within that society as well as within a person. This purpose of this paper is to analyze various confusion sayings In attempt to Interpret and reflect on what is being said. Jean can be a difficult thing to define for the sole reason that It can be Interpreted In a variety of different ways. What Is certain about Is that Is a central to not only Confucian philosophy but Chinese philosophy as a whole. Jean is a virtue that the superior man harnesses. A person of Jean is someone who demonstrates the essence of the golden rule and a man who contains a benevolent heart. Jean is associated with humanity because Jean, in essence, is based on human action and human legislations. We will write a custom essay sample on Confucianism and Superior Man specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Confucianism and Superior Man specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Confucianism and Superior Man specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Jean is an all encompassing love for not only every other person but also of oneself. In 12:22 of the Confucian Analects, Fan Chichi asked about humanity. Confucius said, It is to love men. This excerpt demonstrates how the key to humanity Is for everyone to essentially get along and love one another. Considering that humanity and Jean are closely related, It can be said that humanity and Jean are interchangeable In this piece as well as many other pieces of Confucian writing. A key aspect In the Analects as well as being one of the most Important aspects In Chinese culture is filial piety. Confucius focuses on how one should love and respect their parents, elders and ancestors and do as they are told to do. However, at the time this was directed at only the males in the family for another part of filial piety was to ensure a male heir. He focuses many of his teachings around this and even applies it to a world view of how a government should be like a family. To prove Just how important filial piety was, Confucius taught it as being one of the roots to humanity. In 1 of the Analects, You-Thus said, Filial piety and brotherly respect are he root of humanity den). This proves Just how important filial piety is to Chinese culture. This Just drives home the point that Chinese culture Is based on good and strong moral principles and it is this Ingredient that enables humanity to strive. The superior man Is one who demonstrates all the other main qualities of being a man who Is In touch with humanity, Jean, and propriety. It Is difficult to say whether or not someone can possess all of these qualities and actually be a superior man, but ten primary purpose Is to prove a correct pat to lead your Tie In ten way AT tons. IT one makes this attempt, they are already on their way and have bettered themselves as well as the people around him by demonstrating theses qualities. For example in 4:24 of the Analects, Confucius said, The superior man wants to be slow in word but diligent in action. 4:24 of the Analects provides us with example of not only an aspect of a superior man, but the Confucian teaching of word-deed. This can be interpreted in many ways, but what first comes to mind, from someone living in western culture, is the saying of actions speak louder than words. I feel that Confucius is trying to show exactly this. I feel another great example of what a superior man is demonstrated through 1 5:20, Confucius said, The superior man seeks room for improvement or occasion to blame in himself; the inferior man seeks it in others. I feel this is an excellent example of what the superior man is at heart. He is a man of good value, strong character and righteousness. To compare this to western culture, I think of the story of George Washington and the chopping of the cherry tree. He confessed that he did it, blamed himself instead of finding a clever excuse or blaming someone else, Just as a superior man would do. We use stories such as these to learn moral and how to behave, Just as Chinese culture uses the Confucian Analects to do the same. Another example of Confucian teaching and also how humanity is such a powerful and reoccurring theme in the Analects demonstrated through word-deed. In 13:27 of the Analects, Confucius said, A man who is strong, resolute, simple, and slow to speak is near to humanity. I feel this teaching is essentially saying think before you speak or one should be diligent and careful with his speech. Humanity is recognized and one becomes closer to it when you exemplify these actions. It is through these teachings that we are constantly shown different examples of humanity, but shown from many different directions and points of view. One teaching that can be Juxtaposed with this one is 1:3, Confucius said, A man with clever words and an ingratiating appearance is seldom a man of humanity. This demonstrates how one should go about being a man of good word and deed as well as being a man closer to humanity by showing the complete contrast of what is word-deed and humanity. I personally liked how Confucius provided us with the same key point but in completely different example from different view points. In the Confucian Analects, a person from western culture recognizes one familiar aspect in the teachings, the Golden Rule. In 12:2 Chunk-gung asked about humanity. Confucius said, When you go abroad behave to everyone as if you were receiving a great guest. Employ the people as if you were assisting a great sacrifice. Do not do to others what you do not what them to do to you. Then were will be no complaint against you in the state or in the family. Chunk-gung said, Although I am not intelligent, may I put your saying into practice. The Golden Rule in western culture and the one from Chinese culture express exactly the same thing. However, the literal wordings of these sayings are the complete opposite. Another point I think Confucius is making is when Chunk-gung responds to Confucius golden rule. He says that he is not intelligent but he will put his saying into practice. I think what he is saying here is that this saying is so obvious, that someone who is not intelligent can even go about practicing its ways. This says a great deal about how much he stresses his rule in particular. The Confucian Analects cover topics consisting of great skeletal Importance. It not only covers Just now one snouts Deanna, out now Tanat one person can affect the people around him or her. Confucius was not Just talking to man, but he was also including the state, for this was also one of his focuses. Confucius wants us to constantly be striving to become the superior man, a man of Jean, a man of filial piety. These are they key factors in the Analects and from these come many great virtues, like propriety, that are also emphasized in his works. From this essay I have come to the conclusion that his teachings are simple in word, but complex in meaning. I feel you can read one of his teachings one day, and the following week read it again and you will have a different interpretation of what it meant. This I feel proves Just how complex and true his teachings are. These are my interpretations and reflections on the Confucian Analects. I found it very interesting to go in depth and analyze these teachings. This was my first experience with philosophy and I look forward to learning and understanding more in my future.

Hayeks Contribution to the business cycle essays

Hayeks Contribution to the business cycle essays Friedirch August von Hayek was born in Vienna on May 8, 1899 and died on March 23, 1992, in the city of Freiburg in Breisgan in Germany. Hayek was a central figure in 20th-century economics and he represented the Austrian tradition. After Hayek served military service, he became a student at the University of Vienna where he got his doctorate in law and political science. In 1923-4, Hayek visited New York and then returned to Vienna where he continued his work. Hayek became the first director of the Austrian Institute for Business Cycle Research in 1927. He also gave some lectures in England at the London School of Economics in 1931. In England, he participated in such debates as monetary, capital, and business-cycle theories during the 1930s. Hayeks' contributions were very important. To describe, business cycles, one has to examine the historical record of a nation's overall economic performance. "It is a pattern of long-term growth marked by alternations of expansion and contradiction. These recurrent alternations above and below the long-term trend are business cycles" (Outhwaite, 55). The term "economic fluctuations" is used to describe the same phenomena. Economists have distinguished many cause of the business cycle. There are some factors outside the economic system and those within it. Outside causes such as war and major inventions are referred to exogenous factors. Whereas "endogenous factors belong to the internal working of the economy itself and its tendency to fluctuate over extended periods" (Outhwaite, 56). Before World War II, the emphasis was put on endogenous factors, and thus theories such as monetary; overinvestment; underconsumption; psychological were more important than others. In general, all cycle theories involve some kind of cost maladjustment. F. A. Hayek was one of the many economists who, indeed, explained overinvestment theory in a monetary sense. Overinvestment theory is related...

CRIMINAL JUSTICE 1 question Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

CRIMINAL JUSTICE 1 question - Coursework Example Why is this problematic? The first issue is environmental. According to Lyman (2011, page 428), â€Å"as a result, Colombian peasants who are dependent on the coca crop as their only source of income have moved into the Amazon rainforests. The movement of coca growers to rainforest has resulted in the clearing of at least 1.75 acres of rainforest.† It is clear that one cannot solve a problem by causing another one. In this case, in an attempt to stop the drug trade at its source, policy makers and state agents are destroying important natural resources that are vital to the ecosystem and indeed to the planet. Secondly, the use of forced eradication of crops (through aerial spraying) creates wide and alarming social problems that will only have more disastrous consequences. According to one study (Vargas, 2004 page 5), a political movement born out of disgruntled coca farmers has almost topped the Bolivian presidency and has created insurgency, showing that the cost of conflict far outweighs short-gain gains to be derived from aerial-spraying a community without working out long-term social issues, such as relocation and alternative farming and livelihood opportunities. Thirdly, unbeknownst to the American people, the aerial spraying operations also target legal crops and other things that should not be targeted. According to Transnational Institute (2001, internet), â€Å"many cases involving the destruction of legal crops and alternative development projects can be documented. Aerial fumigation has targeted home patches, ponds and water sources that should never have been the object of this policy.† This is truly problematic and unjust because we are compromising the livelihood and growth opportunities of the poor farmers of Latin America who are growing legal crops and who have a right to clean sources of water. It is deplorable that in order to protect its people, the American government deems it appropriate to make the

Learning and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Learning and Development - Essay Example This report has recommended a multi-tiered and large-scale structural change to the Mumbai, India call centre. The first stage of the change involves the implementation of a training program. The next stage implements employee and customer evaluation practices that establish employee raises, as well as employees who can assume supervisory positions. While statistical models are greatly implemented during this phase, the next evaluative phase implements qualitative research methods to identify individuals for career counseling practices. These individuals will receive career counseling and then be given the option to receive higher levels education and then an upper level management or executive position with Acorn’s operations in the United Kingdom. Finally, the report has demonstrated that human resources contribute to both competitive advantage and business strategy. Introduction Organizational culture and behavior spans a wide array of elements and concerns. One witnesses a great many elements related to organizational concerns in the Acorn call centre that was recently opened in Mumbai, India. Opened in 2003 the Acorn India call centre is an off-shoot of the company’s main United Kingdom operations. While some cultural elements were considered in establishing this centre, including voice and accent training and cultural awareness, it is clear that there is a degree of dissonance between practice and perception. What has emerged is an organization that is experiencing high turnaround and an organizational culture that feels they are not a part of the main United Kingdom operations. Some of the most prominent theories have considered the nature of organizations as conforming to trends and values within the specific institutional environment Leong (1993, p. 42). Referred to an institutional theory this perspective offers an overarching perspective on organizational culture Leong (1993, p. 42). In terms of establishing organizational culture itâ⠂¬â„¢s recognized that such elements are established both within the employee community as well as in the structure the management and executives establish Leong (1993, p. 42). Within the context of Acorn institutional challenges have emerged as the company structure in the United Kingdom has not applied readily to its Mumbia, India operations. This research advances with the overarching contextual recognition that because of this organizational culture major changes needed to be implemented in relation to learning and development and career management. Specific considerations are given to the organization’s training programs, demographics, and in-built career advancement practices. Analysis Learning and Training While career elements constitute perhaps the greatest focus for needed organizational change at Acorn, more foundationally staff training constitutes a major area of concern. Just as Acorn has failed to establish a career management program the organization has also fallen short in establishing adequate training mechanisms. One of the central thorough-puts of this analysis then is the recognition that before Acorn has the necessary corporate infrastructure to implement the career system that will satisfy their employees at the Mumbai call centre it must first establish a

Motivation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Motivation - Essay Example KeySpan is the surviving entity of a merger between Brooklyn Union Gas and Long Island Lighting Company. It was Kenny Moore's job to bring together the personnel of the IT departments of the two merging companies. He decided to do it through an "open space" meeting, wherein the 400 IT staff members would come together to voice topics they would want to discuss in subsequent breakout sessions. Initially, the CIO was apprehensive that nobody would suggest any topic, and proposed planting topics with the directors in advance to "make sure some people came forward". Kenny discouraged this and said it was better to risk this chance and show the employees that the management trusted the process. In the end, some 50 topics for breakout session were proposed, and the breakout sessions were enthusiastically and energetically undertaken, making the open space meeting a huge success. Kenny observed that the key to success was the "Ownership for a successful merger from the hallowed halls of serious management into the cubicles of the ordinary work." He attributed the success to the freedom inherent in a business "invitation". A careful reader will note that the word 'motivation' is not used once in this case and yet, the case clearly has a lot to say about motivation and how it is managed in the workplace. Use the previously discussed theories to explain why people were motivated. While the word "motivation" was never used in the case, it was clearly such a case. Management intended for people to perform in a certain manner and act a certain way to yield a particular result. Through the process of the "open space" meeting, management was able to motivate the people to do just that. There are several motivational theories that may explain why the process worked. Herein we shall discuss the case from the point of view of four of these theories, for the sake of conciseness and relevance. McGregor's Theory Y In 1960, Douglas McGregor began a long-standing debate (that incidentally still exists today) with the publication of his book The Human Side of the Enterprise. He introduced in this work his theory for which he is famously credited, Theory X and Theory Y. Essentially, he posed the question, "Could employees be trusted and empowered to do good work, or did they have to be closely directed, monitored, and controlled to act in the interests of the firm'" (Kochan et al, 2002, p. 2) Theory X, which is defined as the authoritative management style, posits that employees need to be closely monitored and controlled. On the other hand, Theory Y, popularly known as the participative management style, answers this with the first alternative, that is, that employees, may be counted on to do good work on their own and thus may be empowered to act on their own initiative. Theory Y makes the following assumptions: 1. Given the

Market analysis and business plan for a gym

Market analysis and business plan for a gym Stayfit gym is a privately owned business which is positioned at 15 Menai Road, Menai. The estimated opening date is August 2010. The establishing business, Stayfit gym is dedicated to provide the best personal fitness service. The mission is to offer the general public with the willpower to set reachable goals and to reach ultimate health and fitness level. The business will take a holistic approach to lifestyle, health and fitness management and work around the clock to provide the public with practical and innovative fitness programs that flexibly put together into busy lifestyles. Stayfit gym will include of 1-20 employees making it to be a small business. Stayfit gym will be registered as a sole trader ownership (Maroutcha Hadwan) meaning it is an incorporated business with one owner. The owner is responsible for all decisions made within the business and is able to retain all profits. Funding for the business is through the owners equity and money and money borrowed from financial institutions. An advantage of a sole trader is that all profits go to the one person; unlike a partnership the profits made are split evenly between all partners in the business. The risks in opening this business as a sole trader are that the owner of the business is personally responsible for the debt incurred by the business (unlimited liability). In the event that the business is unable to meet its financial obligations, the owner must take responsibility for finding funds to pay off all debts, the owners personal assets are all at risk of the business does not succeed. Purpose of Plan Planning is important to guide the business, the purpose of this business plan of that it gives clear direction for the future of Stayfit gym, it also increases awareness of opportunities arising in further future growth. It helps the business prevent failure and to achieve goals. Stayfit gym holds many different goals such as: personal, social, and financial which consist of the following goals: Personal Goals: Upholding a good image Being a sole trader (being their own boss) Satisfaction from your work Social Goals: Helping the general public improve their fitness To help children over come obesity Financial Goals: Gaining maximum wealth Making a great profit Situation Analysis SWOT Analysis The SWOT analysis provides the business with an opportunity to examine the strengths and weaknesses Stayfit Gym must address. It also allows the business to examine the opportunities presented to Stayfit Gym as well as possible threats. Strengths Weakness Knowledgeable and friendly staff Top of the line equipment Flexible operating hours Complementary service Womens room Free parking for all gym members Childminding Newness Viable workers may leave the gym Membership fees High health care costs Poor brand image High staff turnover Opportunities Threats Opening more gyms in the future Growing population interested in fitness Buy out a competitor Growing economy Increasing high health conscious population New exercise trends New government health care regulations Decease in the number of competitors Declining economy Local competitors Change in government regulations Equipment shortage Decreasing local population Competitors Analysis The three main competitors for Stayfit Gym are: Fitness First Miranda Goodlife Gym Menai Contours Ilawong Fitness First As fitness first being a well known Gym nationwide, it then has the major influence on Stayfit Gym. As Fitness First being the main competitor because they can offer better prices and more services, product and have more capital behind them and are able to take more risks than a newly established Gym like Stayfit. An advantage for Stayfit Gym is that Fitness First doesnt not offer flexible contracts, like Stayfit Gym, as for example at Syatfit Gym we do not charge joining fees, as for fitness first do. Goodlife Gym Goodlife Gym is another competitor which also has an influence on Stayfit Gym for it being located nearby. It also influences Stayfit Gym as it is well known in the area, and has been open for a long period of time. This gives a reason why Stayfit Gym offers better and suitable pricing which will benefit those who are willing to lose weight for an affordable price. Contours Like any other competitor, Contours is also well known throughout Australia, as well as the local community. Unlike Fitness First, and Goodlife Gym, Contours is a circuit gym as well as an all ladies gym, this being one their weaknesses which benefits Stayfit Gym. Although, Contours offers those women who are not confident and comfortable working out in front of men the luxury and comfort to work out, this strength is a major disadvantage towards Stayfit Gym as the majority of women may prefer this environment. Market Analysis Stayfit offers everyone, no matter your age, anyone looking to loose weight; anyone looking to get fit, and anyone looking to stay fit! With Australia being the fattest nation on earth there is an ever more increasing need for easily accessible gyms with these facilities like Stayfit Gym who target and encourages people to exercise and get fit, as well as the opportunity to have fun. As the main aim of this business is to overcome obesity, Stayfit Gym mainly targets those who are overweight, obese, and morbidly obese. Statistics show that the main reason why Australias decided to join a gym and take over a healthy life style is to loose weight and this is shown in the table below. For further information visit the following website: http://www.executiveresults.com.au/health-and-fitness-statistics.cfm The Marketing Mix Product Price Stayfit Gym aims to provide top quality and safe equipment, which benefit members in weight loss. Stayfit Gym offers penetration and a discount pricing, as it is competing with other gyms who offer the same facilities and services as Stayfit Gym but for a better price. Discount pricing is offered for those who are students, and off-peak gym use, the prices reflect the quality of the equipment and service. Place Promotion The upcoming Gym will be located on 15 Menai Road, Menai. The population of this community has grown by 5% each year for the past three years, giving Stayfit Gym a better opportunity to gain more members of the public and customers to join and become apart of the Stayfit family. Stayfit Gym works to promote there services throughout advertising ads on local billboards, handing out flyers also by setting up stands in local centres. Stayfit also wishes to promote their gym through T.V commercials as well as radio broadcasting. Market Segmentation The market segmentations for Stayfit Gym customer consists of the following geographic, demographic and behavioural factors: Geographical The immediate target region of Stayfit Gym is Menai, Illawong, and Alfords Point. As the population of these areas continue to increase, this will have a positive impact towards Stayfit. Demographic Stayfit Gym targets both males and females from 15years and over. Income range of $35,000 $75,000. Behavioural Recognises that they need to improve their fitness Those who have recognised that they need to lose weight Those who are willing to enjoy extreme sport Marketing Strategies and Objectives Marketing Objective Marketing Strategy Overtake competitors Keep an update competitor profile Offer better pricing to the public (6months) Price level Maintain a price level lower than competitors as then it will be harder for the competitor (4months) Discounts Offer a range of discounts (9months) Online access to the gym To build up an online website of the gym which will be easy for the members to access and also helps promote the business. (2months) Equipment To provide the gym with more equipment, and to improve facilities(12months) Sales Force Employ telemarketing staff (13months) Product Analysis Stayfit Gym provides individuals with the opportunity to exceed their fitness expectations, which are delivered through expert coaching, high-quality equipment, convenient scheduling and great exercise programs. The equipment division of Stayfit Gym offer the largest range of quality fitness equipment from the worlds leading brands, including: Technogym Cybex Precor Zest Life Fitness Equipment Positives Negatives Cardio Treadmills Elliptical cross-trainers Exercise bikes Stair climbers Summit trainers Having a different range and variety of cardio equipment benefits Stayfit Gym, as having more facilities available for the public will then attract more people to join Stayfit. A negative of cardio equipment is that when equipment brakes or is miss used, also safety issues, for example: falling off equipment, this can give a bad reputation for Stayfit. Strength Chest press Biceps press Triceps press Shoulder press Bench press Lateral chest press Leg press Dumbbells Torso rotation Chin dip Iso glute Lateral chess press Vertical Ab trainer Rower Having a wide range of strengthening facilities will also have a great benefit on Stayfit as other Gyms may not have the same equipment available. A negative of strengthening facilities is that when one equipment brakes or is miss used, also safety issues, for example: falling off equipment, this can give a bad reputation for Stayfit. Objectives and strategies Stayfits primary goal is to create a community committed to best functional fitness. Objectives Strategies Our monthly objective is to generate at least 20 new members. This will be done through advertising Stayfit, also free weekly trials of the gym and Stayfit aims to open and run a facility at full capacity within the first year with 150-200 members. This will be carried out by providing new members better opportunities and pricing. Better membership deals by the second year of operations Offering on-peak and off-peak membership, this will be better for people who want to use the gym during hours when not busy. For example, during the day when school kids are at school. To franchise Stayfit in other areas towards the further future This will be done by upholding the right image and keep a good reputation for Stayfit. To make people fit and healthy! This will be done through providing the right exercises, staff and classes that will help the general public stay fit and healthy. To make profit and pay off all debts within 1st two years of opening This will be done by having more members entering the Gym, and with that money Stayfit will then be able to payoff debt More classes available by 6 months of operations (zumba, urban dance, and etc) By hiring staff that are able to carry out these classes. Provide the only fitness facility truly dedicated to solving the fitness needs of our customers This will be done through providing the highest quality equipment available, constantly keeping our staff up to date on certifications, providing a clean and crowd-free gym. Description of product/service At Stayfit Gym we provide you with comfortable surroundings, with the latest facilities and equipment to facilitate your training and exercise needs. Stayfit also aim ensure that the members receive a fantastic exercise experience. Stayfit aims to provide the following classes/sessions free weights, kickboxing, personal training, cardiovascular, and group cycling; we also offer professional instruction, well-balanced and enjoyable workouts which focus upon strength gain, aerobic conditioning, weight loss and increasing fitness levels. Stayfit Gym also provides a womens only room, including both cardio and strengthening equipment. Stayfit Gym also provides childminding, for those who have young children and want to achieve the ideal fitness levels. Our services are directed at maximizing your health and fitness levels in a safe, productive and exciting environment to give you a fantastic health and fitness experience. We also offer a range of drinks to freshen in between workouts, towels; also a wide range of protein shakes and supplements, Stayfit also offers free and convenient private parking for all members of the gym. Pricing NO joining fees or administration fees! Free weekly trial pass for new members! $590 12 Months up front $590 12 Months off peak $540 6 months $350 3mothns $220 1month $75 10 day gym pass $60 Casual Visit $10 10% Discount for students Under 18 years old Trading Hours Monday to Friday 5am 10pm Saturday 7am 7pm Sunday Public Holidays 8am 5pm Workout Timetable Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 6.00am Body Pump Body Balance Body Pump Fat Burner 7.00am Body Attack Body Combat Body Balance Spin 9.00am Spin 1.00pm Spin Body Combat Fat Burner Body Pump Body Attack 3.00pm Kick Boxing Kick Boxing 5.00pm Fat Burner Body Balance Body Attack 7.00pm Kick Boxing Body Pump Spin Session/Class timetable available for members and general public: Class Description Body Pump Non-impact class created to shape and tone the entire body, using weights and barbells. Body Attack High intensity strength, aerobics and stabilization exercises. Fat Burner Standard high energy aerobic exercise. Body Combat aerobics based on a variety of exercises, such as: Tai Chi, Karate, Boxing and Taekwondo. Spin Calorie and fat burner cycling exercise. Body Balance A class combining Yoga, Pilates and Tai Chi. Kick Boxing Circuit kick boxing, using high energy boxing techniques and stations. For those who are members of Stayfit Gym all classes are free, and for those who wish to take part of these classes pay $5 per class. Staffing Requirements The manager, who will also be the owner of Stayfit Gym (Maroutcha Hadwan), will be qualified to hold the following certificates: Certificate in Fitness Certificate in Personal Training First Aid Certificate Diploma in Fitness It is preferred that the manager has prior experience in field, as Stayfit Gym is dedicated to provide a diverse range of programs suitable for all people. Job Title Quantity Skills, Qualifications and Experiences Receptionist 1 Computer skills Communication skills Social skills First Aid Certificate Child minding 2 At least 2 years experience prior too Certificate in child care Certificate in First Aid Personal trainers 7 First Aid Certificate Communication skills Certificate in fitness Certificate in Personal Training Specialized in karate Specialized in boxing Specialized in aerobics Specialized in cycling Specialized in body building Must have at least a year experience prior to working at Stayfit Gym, as we are dedicated to provide the public with the best of our ability. Dieticians 2 First Aid Certificate Must have at least 1-2 years experience Certificate in dietician Spotters 9 First Aid Certificate Specialized in Yoga Specialized in Pilates Specialized in Tai Chi Specialized in cycling Certificate in fitness Social skills Must have at least a year experience Financial Forecasts Revenue Statement for Stayfit Gym Pty Ltd For the period ending 01/08/2011 Cash Flow Statements Cash Flow Statement for Stayfit Gym Pty Ltd From period ended 01/08/2012 Opening Cash Balance $415,000.00 This projected cash flow statement shows that this upcoming business will be Surplus, as of the period ended 2012 whereas the closing chase balance was a greater amount of money than the opening cash balance. Critically Review of the Plan and Process Throughout this business task I managed to meet all deadlines and make sure everything was up to date. My weaknesses throughout this assignment was the Market Analysis and Financial Forecast, where as I was unsure how to complete both sections. In relation to Market Analysis, I feel that I havent covered all sections in this heading. For financial forecast I first started of with balance sheet, but i was unable to complete this section as my balance sheet was not balanced so I then chose to complete the cash flow statement and revenue statement, I also struggled to completed these two finical records. Overall my progress within this assignment was satisfactory, and I am happy with my overall work, as I never knew I was capable to completing this task meeting the criteria. Index Description of Business Ownership 2 Purpose of Plan 3 Situation Analysis 4-9 Swot Analysis 4 Competitor Analysis 5 Market Analysis 6 -8 Product Analysis 9 Objectives and Strategies 10 Description of Product/Service 10 -11 Pricing 11 Trading Hours 11 Class Timetable 12 Staffing Requirements 13 Financial Forecasts 14 15 Revenue Statement 14 Cash Flow Statement 15 Critically Review of Plan and Process 16

The Link Between Friendship and Moral Development Essay -- Teaching Ed

The Link Between Friendship and Moral Development The study of morality is molded by an intricately linked set of tangential issues each of which has a unique effect on moral development. Friendship and peer groups in particular play an indisputable role in helping to shape the path of moral development in children and adolescents. In evaluating various philosophical and psychological perspectives on morality, two principal arguments emerge concerning the link between friendship and moral development: in the first argument, friendships act as a positive force in fostering moral development, as they provide a background upon which children can formulate their own moral rules and values. In direct contradiction, the second argument espouses friendship and morality as inherently antithetical, relying heavily on the idea that friendship encourages subjectiveness and impartiality. The potential negative influence of peer influence on moral development is perhaps most clearly manifested in the prevalence of aggression and violence in the lives of many children and adolescents. In studying the link between friendship and moral development, then, it is crucial to consider both the positive and negative consequences that peer relations can have on a child’s struggle to develop his own individual sense of morality. The Definition of Friendship and its Relationship to Moral Development In exploring the effects of friendship on moral development, particularly in children and adolescents, it is necessary first to establish the ways in which these phenomena are related. Traditionally, friendship and morality have been viewed as separate entities independent of one another; consequently, there is little research pertaining to the specif... ... York: Cambridge University Press, 1996. Cairns, Robert and Beverley. Lifelines and Risks: Pathways of Youth in our Time.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994. Eron, L., Gentry, J., & Schlegel, P. Reason to Hope: A Psycholosocial Perspective on Violence and Youth. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 1994. Friedman, Marilyn. What Are Friends For? London: Cornell University Press, 1993. Garbarino, James. Lost Boys. New York: The Free Press, 1999. Henry, David B. "Peer Groups, Families, and School Failure Among Urban Children: Elements of Risk and Successful Interventions." Preventing School Failure, 44:3, 97-105. Piaget, Jean. The Moral Judgment of the Child. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1932. Pinderhughes, Howard. Race in the Hood: Conflict and Violence Among UrbanYouth. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997.

Importance Of Law In To Kill a Mocking Bird Essay

Law’s are made for many different reasons, they are made to keep society in place, they are made to give justice to everyone, they are made to give equality to all, they are made to stop intolerable acts, and they are made to uphold our strict justice system. When it comes to practicing law I believe that no exceptions may be made in any circumstances because a rule is a rule. With one exception being made many people would be at a disadvantage, creating an unfair justice system. Pretend you are a driving your child to their doctor’s appointment, when you realize that you may be late you begin to speed. Eventually you are going 50 miles per hour on a 35 miles per hour road and you run a red light. The police eventually pull you over, and you explain to them your delema. Instead of being understanding and thoughtful of your situation the police officer charges you with both a ticket for speeding and running a red light. Acording to the law this is the right thing to do but according to Atticus, in To Kill A Mokingbird, the policie officer should have accepted your reasoning and allowed you to go free of charge because â€Å"sometimes it is better to bend the law a little in special cases.† (30) I disagree with Atticus because stretching the law in minor casing may seem understandable but laws are made for certain reason’s and when there is an exception made for one person there should be an exception made for any person who breaks the law. Much like in chapter 3 of To Kill A Mockingbird. The Ewell family is a family of much lower social ranking and class that the Cunninham’s. Burris Ewell proves this to be true when he arrives to school with worms attactched to his body and lice in his head, and no shoes on (further explain)

Dont Essays - Music, Hip Hop, American Music, Free Essays

Don't Essays - Music, Hip Hop, American Music, Free Essays "Don't" Don't Don't play with her, don't be dishonest Still not understanding this logic Aye, I'm back and I'm better I want you bad as ever Don't let me just let up I wanna give you better Baby it's whatever Somebody gotta step up Girl, I'm that somebody So I'm next up Be damned if I let him catch up It's easy to see that you're fed up I am on a whole 'nother level Girl, he only fucked you over 'cause you let him Fuck 'em, girl, I guess he didn't know any better Girl, that man didn't show any effort Do all I can just to show you you're special Certain it's your love that holds me together Lately you say he been killing the vibe Gotta be sick of this guy Pull up skirt Get in the ride Left hand is steering the other is gripping your thigh Light up a spliff and get high Shawty you deserve what you been missing Looking at you I'm thinking he must be tripping Play this song for him tell him just listen Don't (Play this song for him...) Don't Girl, said he keeps on playing games and his loving ain't the same I don't know what to say-ay but What a shame If you were mine you would not get the same If you were mine you would top everything Suicide in the drop switching lanes And that thang so fire baby no propane Got good pussy, girl, can I be frank To keep it 100, girl, I ain't no saint But he the only reason that I'm feeling this way Giving you the world baby when you get space Pen game get me laid, baby that's penetrate Oh baby Don't (Ey) H-Town got a nigga so throwed Po' up we can party some mo' Yeah got this drink in my cup Got a young nigga feeling so throwed Spit fire and the world so cold Young money got a nigga feeling old Spit fire and the world so cold H-Town got me feeling so throwed H-Town got me feeling so throwed Raw paint in the sip can it fold H-Town got me feeling so throwed Spit fire and the world so cold H-Town got a nigga so throwed (Play this song for em...) Don't "Self Righteous" Got something to say, yeah I know it's easy to love me Thought it was better this way Oh trust me baby it's hard Tried to give it up, I've tried to baby, it's tough I guess it's my fault, I know what's up Baby we used to fuck From now on we make love Girl let's catch up, phone calls ain't enough That's where I messed up, I should've kept in touch Cause I ain't the type that will hit it and quit it Even if it's mine, even if it isn't Take them trips and pay yo' ass a visit Gave you a portion but you needed more, needed more Now you won't even call me no more Ain't laying naked in my sheets no more I guess you ain't a freak no more Sex more, that's what I was on Talk less, that's what I was on Selfish, baby I know, I know Quick to admit it when I'm wrong Instead I was leading you on Now it's fuck me and leave you alone Come love me, I need you at home It's somethin' about the way you scream and you moan Now I'm the one who's been treating you wrong Contradicting all the things I've been preaching in songs, oh Shit was going good girl Now it's looking bad girl Can we take it back girl? You gave me a task girl Go clean up my act girl Done that, where you at girl? Would you mind, would you mind Would you mind if I? Come do the things that you like What you like, what you like I know what you like Who else gon' get you right but me Who else gon' get you right Don't know when I'm finna wife it I still ain't decided Better make up my mind quick 'Fore a nigga come and swipe it Know I sound a lil' self righteous Yeah, but there ain't nothin' else like it Anything else bad for your health I've been checking you profile to see if you recited this I got a lot more where that came from You got a Tumblr too, I gotta make one I've been peepin' hard, on some stalking shit I'm feening hard, that's the obvious, yeah But you know I won't mind if we were just fuckin' Feelin' on somethin', talking 'bout nothin' Then maybe later you and I discuss it Do you feel like I do, can I know? Clearly baby It's you that I want Listen, I don't wanna confuse you Don't ever think that I use you Give

The popularity of Credit Derivatives first came into play at the early 1990s The WritePass Journal

The popularity of Credit Derivatives first came into play at the early 1990s Introduction The popularity of Credit Derivatives first came into play at the early 1990s IntroductionCredit Derivative OverviewStructure of Credit DerivativesThe significance of Credit DerivativesCredit Derivatives and the Financial CrisisCredit Derivatives Regulation Conclusion References Related Introduction The popularity of Credit Derivatives first came into play at the early 1990s, when Demchak (Team leader at JP Morgan, responsible for creating CDO’s) and his team have invented these financial instruments (Eisinger 2008). After the failure of the Bretton woods system in 1971, the economy faced a stable state with low interest rates. Banks struggled for profits with a low demand for loans. In these financial circumstances, banks lacked methods that avoid them from bankruptcy, and guarantee that they could survive independently and remain solvent on the collapse of the economy. Credit derivatives were born of such concern, allowing bankers, and others, the ability to reduce their risk by selling risk to other parties (Ayadi, Behr 2009). This paper gives a general overview on the concept of credit derivatives. In its opening section, this paper introduces credit derivatives definition, structure, and its usefulness in the financial market will be introduced. The essay then goes o n to review the existing credit derivatives markets regulation and explains the need to regulate these markets in light of the recent financial crisis. Although credit derivatives may have beneficial effects, but it can only be obtained if credit derivatives are used responsibly by all market participants. This essay will argue that the current regulatory regime is not sufficient to induce market participants to use credit derivatives in a desirable way. Credit Derivative Overview Credit derivatives are financial contracts that effectively shift credit risk, or the default risk, from one party to another. In so doing, for example, Paula Tkac (2007) describes that if participants default on their bond payment, the bond value decreases. The credit derivative, consequently, transfer this credit risk to another market participant for a specific periodic payment. Credit derivatives have achieved a marvelous growth throughout the past decades. According to the British Banker’s Association (BBA), the global outstanding notional volume of credit derivatives was 180 billion USD in 1996. After a decade, the market size of derivatives had increased 112 times the previous size in 1996 with a 20 trillion USD of derivative contracts. Only 2 years later, by mid-year 2008, and as it is shown in the figure 1 below, the fair value of the outstanding amount of credit derivatives was 53.3 trillion USD, reflecting the continuous growth of this market.(Ayadi ,Behr 2009) Structure of Credit Derivatives Credit derivatives can be categorized as portfolio credit derivative (single name) or asset backed security (multiname) (Mengle 2007). The most popular single-name derivative is the credit default swap â€Å"CDS†.   Shah Gilani (2008) illustrates that this is a contract that provides insurance from default risk of a specific party. This party is known as the reference entity and the default risk is identified as a credit event. In a CDS, the buyer of the insurance obtains the right to sell bonds issued by the party for their face value when a default takes place; also, the seller of the insurance agrees to buy the bonds for their face value when the default occurs (Gilani 2008). This face value is known as the CDS notional principal and the periodical payment the buyer of the CDS pays is known as the credit spread (Gilani 2008).   On the other hand, the most popular asset backed derivative is the collateralized debt obligation (CDO). This derivative is created by packaging a pool of similar assets or loans into one single investment that can be traded (Mengle 2007). When a CDO is purchased, the investor ends up with a basket of bonds. This portfolio of bonds generated an income that is used to provide a promised return to tranches. (Mengle 2007) The significance of Credit Derivatives According to David Mengle (2007), credit derivatives came out in response to two traditional problems facing the banking system. First, taking a short position in credit was not possible. Thus, a lender cannot fully insure the safety of the loan from default. Second, diversification of credit risk was difficult to achieve and became a problem in the financial market. Given such problems, the only way to enhance the financial world is by the creation of the credit derivative market. These derivatives helped banks to buy ‘protection’ (insurance) through allowing banks to sell credit and hedge their exposure to credit losses. Moreover, using the single-name derivative CDS do not require any permission from the reference entity (Gilani 2008). Therefore, Mengle   (2007) believes that the second problem can be solved when lenders hedge and reduce their exposure to risky investments, and by that they achieve diversification. Particularly, Ayadi and Behr (2009) researched and found out that the increased use of hedge funds provided an essential source of liquidity in credit derivative markets. This helped banks in reducing their credit risk by allowing them to transfer assets and credit risk off their balance sheets. Also, it improves their liquidity by providing secondary markets for credit risk. (Ayadi, Behr 2009) Credit Derivatives and the Financial Crisis It is often argued that the flip side of credit derivatives played a major role in the collapse of the financial market. First of all, critics of credit derivatives, such as Tim Weithers (2007), claim that risk transformation ballooned systematic risk, given the difficulty of identifying participants holding the credit risk. Some complain that the CDS notional amount accounting requirements worsen the credit crisis for many financial institutions (Partnoy 2009). Yet, supporters, such as David Mengle (2007), counter that if banks had properly valued their risk exposures at the beginning, they would avoid crash when crisis hit. Second, the argument that credit derivatives increase overall risks by transforming credit risk to less experience with less regulation institutions makes an implicit assumption that government regulation automatically leads to more cautious risk-taking (Partnoy 2009). But this argument ignores the potential moral hazard associated with such an assumption. David Mengle (2007) illustrated that where he believed that unregulated institutions are not protected by the government, such institutions are likely to have incentives to manage credit exposures. (Mengle 2007) Nevertheless, in almost twenty years, credit derivatives have expanded from nothing into a $54.6 trillion market. Nicholas Varchaver, senior editor and Katie Benner, writer-reporter (2008) found that this increase is because an investor does not have to own a bond to buy a CDS on it anyone can place a bet on whether a bond will fail. Indeed, they believed that the majority of CDS now consists of bets on other peoples debt. But, and on the contrary, this problem occurred due to the lack of financial regulation. The supporters of the credit derivatives believe and agree with other critics that these risk financial contracts led to a financial collapse (Mengle 2007). However, the unregulated area of the credit derivatives led to misusing these instruments. For example, during President Clinton phase, the Housing and Urban Development (HUD) secretaries started regulating banks to lend to the poor more (Partnoy 2009). They expected Banks to loosen their lending standards. Yet, Banks undertook investment banking. Specifically, Banks started lending to people whose credit history was suspect and who couldn’t afford mortgage payment (Partnoy 2009). Thus, credit derivatives were used in a wrong manner and led to the deterioration of the financial market. Credit Derivatives Regulation There has been high level of concern with respect to what regulatory steps should be taken to use credit derivatives properly. Ayadi and Behr (2009) have demonstrated several methods that help in regulating credit derivatives properly. First, companies and banks should provide higher transparency through additional reporting requirements. Second, systemic risk should be reduced through the creation of central counterparties (CCPs) for standardized contracts. Finally, banks should impose higher capital requirements for at least some of the market. Yet, these regulations do not mean that credit derivatives are safe from improper use. For example, the creation of CCP’s concentrates the risk in a small number of institutions and creates institutions that are too big to fail. Moreover, high transparency has an impact on market quality and in particular on market liquidity. Madhavan (1995) studied the relation between the market and the availability of trading information to market investors. He shows that fragmented markets are highly demanded by some market participants where their trades are unknown. Madhavan (1995) also shows that greater transparency reduces price volatility. Conclusion Credit derivatives are financial instruments used for credit risk management purposes. The structure of these derivatives enhanced the world financial market and provided a safer investment for banks especially. However, these complex derivative contracts have led to the recent economic collapse. The regulation measures included a lot of mistakes and have lead to the fact that financial institutions created such complex CDO’s and sold them without fully understanding them. Also, the availability of unregulated areas helped in misusing credit derivatives. The true purpose of derivatives was for managing risks and not blind speculation. Thus, if simple derivatives such as put, call options, interest swaps and futures are used wisely, they can be used in productive, safe means. In conclusion, the financial market is exposed always to new participants with new mentalities. Therefore, regulating credit derivatives will not avoid financial crisis in the future if there are no strict control on new participants entering the field. References Ayadi, R. Behr, P. 2009, On the necessity to regulate credit derivatives markets, Journal of Banking Regulation, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 179-201. British Bankers Association. (2006) Credit Derivatives Report 2006. London, September. Eisinger, Jesse. The $58 Trillion Elephant in the Room. Credit Derivatives Role in Crash. 15 Oct. 2008. Conde Nast Portfolio. 10 Mar. 2009 portfolio.com/views/columns/wall-street/2008/10/15/Credit-Derivatives-Role-in-Crash. Gilani, S. 2008, The Real Reason for the Global Financial Crisis the Story No One’s Talking About, Money Morning, moneymorning.com, vol. 18. Madhavan, A. 1995, Consolidation, fragmentation, and the disclosure of trading information, Review of Financial Studies, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 579. Mengle, D. 2007, Credit derivatives: An overview, Economic Review, , no. Q4, pp. 1-24. Partnoy, F. â€Å" Derivative Dangers†, Fresh Air, NPR, March 25, 2009 Tkac, P. 2007, Preface- Credit Derivatives: Where’s the Risk?, Economic Review, , pp. v-vii. Varchaver, N. Benner, K. 2008, The $55 trillion question, Fortune Magazine, vol. 30. Weithers, T. 2007, Credit derivatives, macro risks, and systemic risks, Economic Review-Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 92, no. 4, pp. 43.

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson - Essay Example The townspeople all stone the â€Å"winner† to death at the end. The story, in effect, goes to prove the mindlessness of ritual. I agree that all around us people cling to rituals despite evidence that proves their futility and the detrimental effect thereof. It has always been ordinary people, and not especially vile or depraved ones, who have held strongly to rituals, and it is always these people who have carried out and condoned acts of savagery in the name of ritual. This theme is present in the story as well. It seems that Shirley Jackson has shown common townsfolk in the story to emphasize this very point. Jackson has, for instance, portrayed Mrs. Hutchinson as a common housewife, busy with her household works and taking care of her family. Upon being late at the event, she comments nonchalantly how she was busy washing the dishes (Jackson). Common people cling on to ritual and this is their way of defying the changing times. People do not take well to change. There is something within us, I feel, that makes us want to yearn for days gone by and for things we are accustomed to. This comfort is given to them through rituals as well. There is a certain nostalgia, as well as comfort, in performing rituals that makes them so hard to give up. When there is talk among the townsfolk about people in other villages giving up the lottery, an old man (Old Man Warner, to be exact) retorts how there is â€Å"nothing but trouble in that† (Jackson). His way of defending the lottery is not only that it is good for them, but also that â€Å"there’s always been a lottery† (Jackson). This is an interesting take, because it illustrates how the archaic nature of the ritual lottery is what gives it credence in the eyes of the old man. However, all in all it seems , there is not enough thought given about the ritual itself, and merely the fact that it has always been done is enough for it to continue. The very essence of a ritual is normally lost upon those who practice it. I

An Assessment of the Impact of Government debt and Deficits on the Essay

An Assessment of the Impact of Government debt and Deficits on the Economic Growth of GERMANY - Essay Example Govt Debt% ? 1998 849.393 1,996 2.14 -2.99 1999 876.963 1,997 1.74 3.25 2000 841.974 1,997 3.30 -3.99 2001 890.106 1,999 1.64 5.72 2002 955.4 2,002 0.03 7.34 2003 1,042.85 2,003 -0.39 19.10 2004 1,115.94 2,003 0.70 7.01 2005 1,189.51 2,004 0.84 6.59 2006 1,227.10 2,002 3.89 3.16 2007 1,227.05 2,004 3.39 0.00 2008 1,242.06 2,007 0.80 41.85 2009 1,352.31 2,014 -5.07 8.88 2010 1,402.61 2,006 4.02 3.72 2011 1,434.37 2,008 3.10 2.26 2012 1,553.78 2,011 0.94 8.32 Source: IMF Economic outlook 2012 Â   Â   In the 1990s, when Germany took strong political measures such us reunification, the government had to face several economic constraints as government had to incur huge expenditure on the infrastructural development of the country. Most of the government expenditure was tilted towards the eastern side of Germany, which led to the problem of unemployment. Government adopted tight monetary policy in the 1990s, but it was not able to put a control on inflation as the labor costs and taxes w ere very high. The economic problems faced by the country were eventually reflected through the growth number of the country as the growth rate stayed around 2% on average for the decade (Barassi, Caporale, Hall, 2000, pp. 45-55). The labor cost in the last 1990s was very low amid low demand of goods and services, which further worsened the situation for the country. Government took various initiatives to spur domestic demand, but it failed as consumers were not willing to spend excessively as economic problems ruled the country and unemployment was at its peak. As a result, Germany witnessed sluggish growth till 2006, when it showed signs of recovery (Doornik, & Hendry, D.F. (2001). Government debt and fiscal deficit also had a profound impact on the growth rate of Germany especially before 2005. Government had to rely on heavy borrowing to finance its public expenditures or fiscal deficit. The borrowed money was mostly used to cover administrative and infrastructural expenses. Hen ce, apart from low demand, lower expenditure on other sectors had a severe impact. After, 2005 government borrowing continued at a steady pace, but the impact of government borrowing on growth was not as pronounced as it was before 2005 (Krugman & Wells, 2009). Real GDP surged to 3.89% in 2006 due to a series of reform steps taken by the government. Although, government debt increased by 3.16% in 2006, but focus on job creation and price competitiveness helped economy recover from the problems. Germany took special initiatives that drastically supported the labor increasing their productivity and motivation. It set a wage rate for all employees irrespective of company’s profitability and supply/demand condition (Brunner, 1986, pp. 709-731). Debt and Deficit When government expenditures are greater than its revenues, the excess expenditure is termed as deficit. The expenditure includes development expenditure, administrative expenditure, employee salaries and wages etc. On the other hand, sources of government revenue include taxes, interests, sale of property/financial instruments etc. In order to finance the deficit if any, government usually borrows money from scheduled banks or from external sources to finance the de